A review of likelihood ratios in forensic science based on a critique of Stiffelman "No longer the Gold standard: Probabilistic genotyping is changing the nature of DNA evidence in criminal trials".

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_D67E384022E2
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Publication sub-type
Review (review): journal as complete as possible of one specific subject, written based on exhaustive analyses from published work.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
A review of likelihood ratios in forensic science based on a critique of Stiffelman "No longer the Gold standard: Probabilistic genotyping is changing the nature of DNA evidence in criminal trials".
Journal
Forensic science international
Author(s)
Buckleton J., Robertson B., Curran J., Berger C., Taylor D., Bright J.A., Hicks T., Gittelson S., Evett I., Pugh S., Jackson G., Kelly H., Kalafut T., Bieber F.R.
ISSN
1872-6283 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0379-0738
Publication state
Published
Issued date
05/2020
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
310
Pages
110251
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Review
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
Stiffelman [1] gives a broad critique of the application of likelihood ratios (LRs) in forensic science, in particular their use in probabilistic genotyping (PG) software. These are discussed in this review. LRs do not infringe on the ultimate issue. The Bayesian paradigm clearly separates the role of the scientist from that of the decision makers and distances the scientist from comment on the ultimate and subsidiary issues. LRs do not affect the reasonable doubt standard. Fact finders must still make decisions based on all the evidence and they must do this considering all evidence, not just that given probabilistically. LRs do not infringe on the presumption of innocence. The presumption of innocence does not equate with a prior probability of zero but simply that the person of interest (POI) is no more likely than anyone else to be the donor. Propositions need to be exhaustive within the context of the case. That is, propositions deemed relevant by either defense or prosecution which are not fanciful must not be omitted from consideration.
Keywords
DNA/chemistry, DNA Fingerprinting, Decision Making, Forensic Medicine, Humans, Likelihood Functions, Exhaustiveness, Likelihood ratio, Presumption of innocence, Reasonable doubt
Pubmed
Web of science
Create date
01/04/2020 10:31
Last modification date
05/11/2020 7:22
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