A review of likelihood ratios in forensic science based on a critique of Stiffelman "No longer the Gold standard: Probabilistic genotyping is changing the nature of DNA evidence in criminal trials".

Détails

ID Serval
serval:BIB_D67E384022E2
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Sous-type
Synthèse (review): revue aussi complète que possible des connaissances sur un sujet, rédigée à partir de l'analyse exhaustive des travaux publiés.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
A review of likelihood ratios in forensic science based on a critique of Stiffelman "No longer the Gold standard: Probabilistic genotyping is changing the nature of DNA evidence in criminal trials".
Périodique
Forensic science international
Auteur⸱e⸱s
Buckleton J., Robertson B., Curran J., Berger C., Taylor D., Bright J.A., Hicks T., Gittelson S., Evett I., Pugh S., Jackson G., Kelly H., Kalafut T., Bieber F.R.
ISSN
1872-6283 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0379-0738
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
05/2020
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
310
Pages
110251
Langue
anglais
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Review
Publication Status: ppublish
Résumé
Stiffelman [1] gives a broad critique of the application of likelihood ratios (LRs) in forensic science, in particular their use in probabilistic genotyping (PG) software. These are discussed in this review. LRs do not infringe on the ultimate issue. The Bayesian paradigm clearly separates the role of the scientist from that of the decision makers and distances the scientist from comment on the ultimate and subsidiary issues. LRs do not affect the reasonable doubt standard. Fact finders must still make decisions based on all the evidence and they must do this considering all evidence, not just that given probabilistically. LRs do not infringe on the presumption of innocence. The presumption of innocence does not equate with a prior probability of zero but simply that the person of interest (POI) is no more likely than anyone else to be the donor. Propositions need to be exhaustive within the context of the case. That is, propositions deemed relevant by either defense or prosecution which are not fanciful must not be omitted from consideration.
Mots-clé
DNA/chemistry, DNA Fingerprinting, Decision Making, Forensic Medicine, Humans, Likelihood Functions, Exhaustiveness, Likelihood ratio, Presumption of innocence, Reasonable doubt
Pubmed
Web of science
Création de la notice
01/04/2020 10:31
Dernière modification de la notice
05/11/2020 7:22
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