Role of glutamate in neuron-glia metabolic coupling.

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_CB58F139E432
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Role of glutamate in neuron-glia metabolic coupling.
Journal
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Author(s)
Magistretti P.J.
ISSN
1938-3207[electronic], 0002-9165[linking]
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2009
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
90
Number
3
Pages
875S-880S
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
The coupling between synaptic activity and glucose utilization (neurometabolic coupling) is a central physiologic principle of brain function that has provided the basis for 2-deoxyglucose-based functional imaging with positron emission tomography. Approximately 10 y ago we provided experimental evidence that indicated a central role of glutamate signaling on astrocytes in neurometabolic coupling. The basic mechanism in neurometabolic coupling is the glutamate-stimulated aerobic glycolysis in astrocytes, such that the sodium-coupled reuptake of glutamate by astrocytes and the ensuing activation of the Na(+)-K(+) ATPase triggers glucose uptake and its glycolytic processing, which results in the release of lactate from astrocytes. Lactate can then contribute to the activity-dependent fueling of the neuronal energy demands associated with synaptic transmission. Analyses of this coupling have been extended in vivo and have defined the methods of coupling for inhibitory neurotransmission as well as its spatial extent in relation to the propagation of metabolic signals within the astrocytic syncytium. On the basis of a large body of experimental evidence, we proposed an operational model, "the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle." A series of results obtained by independent laboratories have provided further support for this model. This body of evidence provides a molecular and cellular basis for interpreting data that are obtained with functional brain imaging studies.
Keywords
Animals, Astrocytes/metabolism, Brain/metabolism, Brain/physiology, Glucose/metabolism, Glutamic Acid/metabolism, Glycolysis/physiology, Humans, Lactic Acid/metabolism, Mice, Models, Biological, Neurons/metabolism, Signal Transduction/physiology, Synaptic Transmission/physiology
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
25/02/2010 16:48
Last modification date
20/08/2019 15:46
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