An explanation for the prevalence of XY over ZW sex determination in species derived from hermaphroditism.

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Version: Author's accepted manuscript
License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_6CE3C64E06AC
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
An explanation for the prevalence of XY over ZW sex determination in species derived from hermaphroditism.
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Author(s)
Lesaffre T., Pannell J.R., Mullon C.
ISSN
1091-6490 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0027-8424
Publication state
Published
Issued date
10/2024
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
121
Number
40
Pages
e2406305121
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
The many independent transitions from hermaphroditism to separate sexes (dioecy) in flowering plants and some animal clades must often have involved the emergence of a heterogametic sex-determining locus, the basis of XY and ZW sex determination (i.e., male and female heterogamety). Current estimates indicate that XY sex determination is much more frequent than ZW, but the reasons for this asymmetry are unclear. One proposition is that separate sexes evolve through the invasion of sterility mutations at closely linked loci, in which case XY sex determination evolves if the initial male sterility mutation is fully recessive. Alternatively, dioecy may evolve via the gradual divergence of male and female phenotypes, but the genetic basis of such divergence and its connection to XY and ZW systems remain poorly understood. Using mathematical modeling, we show how dioecy with XY or ZW sex determination can emerge from the joint evolution of resource allocation to male and female function with its genetic architecture. Our model reveals that whether XY or ZW sex determination evolves depends on the trade-off between allocation to male and female function, and on the mating system of the ancestral hermaphrodites, with selection for female specialization or inbreeding avoidance both favoring XY sex determination. Together, our results cast light on an important but poorly understood path from hermaphroditism to dioecy, and provide an adaptive hypothesis for the preponderance of XY systems. Beyond sex and sex determination, our model shows how ecology can influence the way selection shapes the genetic architecture of polymorphic traits.
Keywords
Sex Determination Processes/genetics, Animals, Hermaphroditic Organisms/genetics, Hermaphroditic Organisms/physiology, Biological Evolution, Sex Chromosomes/genetics, Female, Models, Genetic, genetic architecture, gradual evolution, quantitative traits, separate sexes, sex determination
Pubmed
Open Access
Yes
Create date
27/09/2024 15:09
Last modification date
17/10/2024 6:26
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