Macrophages are phagocytic innate immune cells and are the main drivers of inflammation in tissue (Medzhitov, 2008). These cells are associated with cancer together with autoimmune, autoinflammatory, infectious, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases (Ginhoux and Jung, 2014). In this context, the role of macrophages in inflammation is well-studied, however, the impact of macrophage survival in non-infectious and infectious diseases is largely unknown. Our study showed that the activation of certain pathogen-associated receptors (PRRs) can induce macrophage survival (Eren et al., 2016). We described a molecular mechanism that demonstrated how an obligate intracellular pathogen exploits PRR-induced cell survival (Eren et al., 2016). Thus, further studies are necessary to understand the role of macrophage survival in different disease settings.