Incontinence anale et lésions obstétricales du sphincter anal, épidémiologie et prévention [Anal incontinence and obstetrical anal sphincter injuries, epidemiology and prevention]

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_333FD41CD09B
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Publication sub-type
Review (review): journal as complete as possible of one specific subject, written based on exhaustive analyses from published work.
Collection
Publications
Title
Incontinence anale et lésions obstétricales du sphincter anal, épidémiologie et prévention [Anal incontinence and obstetrical anal sphincter injuries, epidemiology and prevention]
Journal
Gynecologie, obstetrique, fertilite & senologie
Author(s)
Fritel X., Gachon B., Desseauve D., Thubert T.
ISSN
2468-7189 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
2468-7189
Publication state
Published
Issued date
04/2018
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
46
Number
4
Pages
419-426
Language
french
Notes
Publication types: English Abstract ; Journal Article
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
Our main objectives were to identify risk factors, methods for early diagnosis, and prevention of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs), using a literature review. The main risk factors for OASIs are nulliparity, instrumental delivery, posterior presentation, median episiotomy, prolonged second phase of labor and fetal macrosomia. Asian origin, short ano-vulvar distance, ligamentous hyperlaxity, lack of expulsion control, non-visualization of the perineum or maneuvers for shoulder dystocia also appear to be risk factors. There is a risk of under-diagnosis of OASIs in the labor ward. Experience of the accoucheur is a protective factor. Secondary prevention is based on the training of birth professionals in recognition and repair of OASIs. Primary prevention of OASIs is based on training in the maneuvers of the second phase of labor; if possible, instrumental extractions should be avoided. Mediolateral episiotomy may have a preventive role in high-risk OASIs deliveries. A robust predictive model is still lacking to allow a selective use of episiotomy.
Keywords
Accouchement, Anal incontinence, Anal sphincter tear, Childbirth, Episiotomy, Fecal incontinence, Forceps, Incontinence anale, Incontinence fécale, LOSA, OASIs, Prediction, Prédiction, Périnée complet, Épisiotomie
Pubmed
Web of science
Create date
25/10/2018 13:50
Last modification date
20/08/2019 13:19
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