Incontinence anale et lésions obstétricales du sphincter anal, épidémiologie et prévention [Anal incontinence and obstetrical anal sphincter injuries, epidemiology and prevention]

Détails

ID Serval
serval:BIB_333FD41CD09B
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Sous-type
Synthèse (review): revue aussi complète que possible des connaissances sur un sujet, rédigée à partir de l'analyse exhaustive des travaux publiés.
Collection
Publications
Titre
Incontinence anale et lésions obstétricales du sphincter anal, épidémiologie et prévention [Anal incontinence and obstetrical anal sphincter injuries, epidemiology and prevention]
Périodique
Gynecologie, obstetrique, fertilite & senologie
Auteur⸱e⸱s
Fritel X., Gachon B., Desseauve D., Thubert T.
ISSN
2468-7189 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
2468-7189
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
04/2018
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
46
Numéro
4
Pages
419-426
Langue
français
Notes
Publication types: English Abstract ; Journal Article
Publication Status: ppublish
Résumé
Our main objectives were to identify risk factors, methods for early diagnosis, and prevention of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs), using a literature review. The main risk factors for OASIs are nulliparity, instrumental delivery, posterior presentation, median episiotomy, prolonged second phase of labor and fetal macrosomia. Asian origin, short ano-vulvar distance, ligamentous hyperlaxity, lack of expulsion control, non-visualization of the perineum or maneuvers for shoulder dystocia also appear to be risk factors. There is a risk of under-diagnosis of OASIs in the labor ward. Experience of the accoucheur is a protective factor. Secondary prevention is based on the training of birth professionals in recognition and repair of OASIs. Primary prevention of OASIs is based on training in the maneuvers of the second phase of labor; if possible, instrumental extractions should be avoided. Mediolateral episiotomy may have a preventive role in high-risk OASIs deliveries. A robust predictive model is still lacking to allow a selective use of episiotomy.
Mots-clé
Accouchement, Anal incontinence, Anal sphincter tear, Childbirth, Episiotomy, Fecal incontinence, Forceps, Incontinence anale, Incontinence fécale, LOSA, OASIs, Prediction, Prédiction, Périnée complet, Épisiotomie
Pubmed
Web of science
Création de la notice
25/10/2018 14:50
Dernière modification de la notice
20/08/2019 14:19
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