Neurocognitive disorders are a major public health challenge, affecting 55 million people, and are projected to triple by 2050. This year's research highlights pathological mechanisms such as mitochondrial dysfunction and brain inflammation. Modifiable risk factors, such as vision loss, underscore the importance of early prevention. A Swiss study reveals a high prevalence of inappropriate drug prescriptions in the elderly. Anti-amyloid treatments, such as lecanemab and donanemab, show promising results. Lastly, anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation may reduce the risk of dementia. An integrated approach is essential to alleviate the burden of neurocognitive disorders.