The International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) convenes a Position Development Conference (PDC) every 2 yr to make recommendations for standards in the field of bone densitometry. The recommendations are based on clinically relevant issues in bone densitometry such as quality control, acquisition, analysis, interpretation, and reporting. In 2007, ISCD convened its first Pediatric Position Development Conference to address issues specific to the assessment of skeletal health in children and adolescents. Topics for consideration are developed by the ISCD Board of Directors and its Scientific Advisory Committee. Clinically relevant questions related to each topic area are assigned to task forces for a comprehensive review of the medical literature and subsequent presentation of the reports to an international panel of experts. For this PDC, the Expert Panel included representatives of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research and International Bone and Mineral Society. The recommendations of the PDC Expert Panel are then reviewed by the ISCD Board of Directors. Recommendations that are approved become Official Positions of the ISCD. The Pediatric PDC was held June 20-21, 2007, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Topics considered were restricted to children and adolescents, and included DXA prediction of fracture and definition of osteoporosis; DXA assessment in diseases that may affect the skeleton; DXA interpretation and reporting; and peripheral quantitative computed tomography measurement. This report describes the methodology and results of the 2007 Pediatric PDC, and a summary of all ISCD Official Positions, including the ones recently adopted by this 2007 Pediatric PDC and the 2007 Lansdowne, Virginia, USA Adult PDC.