Is our heart a well-designed pump? The heart along animal evolution.

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_D42037CBC8AB
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Publication sub-type
Review (review): journal as complete as possible of one specific subject, written based on exhaustive analyses from published work.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Is our heart a well-designed pump? The heart along animal evolution.
Journal
European Heart Journal
Author(s)
Bettex D.A., Prêtre R., Chassot P.G.
ISSN
1522-9645 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0195-668X
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2014
Volume
35
Number
34
Pages
2322-2332
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal ArticlePublication Status: ppublish
Abstract
A carrier system for gases and nutrients became mandatory when primitive animals grew larger and developed different organs. The first circulatory systems are peristaltic tubes pushing slowly the haemolymph into an open vascular tree without capillaries (worms). Arthropods developed contractile bulges on the abdominal aorta assisted by accessory hearts for wings or legs and by abdominal respiratory motions. Two-chamber heart (atrium and ventricle) appeared among mollusks. Vertebrates have a multi-chamber heart and a closed circulation with capillaries. Their heart has two chambers in fishes, three chambers (two atria and one ventricle) in amphibians and reptiles, and four chambers in birds and mammals. The ventricle of reptiles is partially divided in two cavities by an interventricular septum, leaving only a communication of variable size leading to a variable shunt. Blood pressure increases progressively from 15 mmHg (worms) to 170/70 mmHg (birds) according to the increase in metabolic rate. When systemic pressure exceeds 50 mmHg, a lower pressure system appears for the circulation through gills or lungs in order to improve gas exchange. A four-chamber heart allows a complete separation of systemic and pulmonary circuits. This review describes the circulatory pumping systems used in the different classes of animals, their advantages and failures, and the way they have been modified with evolution.
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
18/10/2014 14:24
Last modification date
20/08/2019 15:54
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