Public-health and individual approaches to antiretroviral therapy: township South Africa and Switzerland compared.

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Version: author
Serval ID
serval:BIB_D1AAF840D155
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Public-health and individual approaches to antiretroviral therapy: township South Africa and Switzerland compared.
Journal
Plos Medicine
Author(s)
Keiser O., Orrell C., Egger M., Wood R., Brinkhof M.W., Furrer H., van Cutsem G., Ledergerber B., Boulle A.
Working group(s)
Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS), the International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS in Southern Africa (IeDEA-SA)
Contributor(s)
Battegay M., Bernasconi E., Böni J., Bucher HC., Bürgisser P., Calmy A., Cattacin S., Cavassini M., Dubs R., Egger M., Elzi L., Fischer M., Flepp M., Fontana A., Francioli P., Furrer H., Fux C., Gorgievski M., Günthard H., Hirsch H., Hirschel B., Hösli I., Kahlert C., Kaiser L., Karrer U., Kind C., Klimkait T., Ledergerber B., Martinetti G., Martinez B., Müller N., Nadal D., Opravil M., Paccaud F., Pantaleo G., Rauch A., Regenass S., Rickenbach M., Rudin C., Schmid P., Schultze D., Schüpbach J., Speck R., Taffé P., Telenti A., Trkola A., Vernazza P., Weber R., Yerly S.
ISSN
1549-1676 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1549-1277
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2008
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
5
Number
7
Pages
e148
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The provision of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in resource-limited settings follows a public health approach, which is characterised by a limited number of regimens and the standardisation of clinical and laboratory monitoring. In industrialized countries doctors prescribe from the full range of available antiretroviral drugs, supported by resistance testing and frequent laboratory monitoring. We compared virologic response, changes to first-line regimens, and mortality in HIV-infected patients starting HAART in South Africa and Switzerland.
METHODS AND FINDINGS: We analysed data from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study and two HAART programmes in townships of Cape Town, South Africa. We included treatment-naïve patients aged 16 y or older who had started treatment with at least three drugs since 2001, and excluded intravenous drug users. Data from a total of 2,348 patients from South Africa and 1,016 patients from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study were analysed. Median baseline CD4+ T cell counts were 80 cells/mul in South Africa and 204 cells/mul in Switzerland. In South Africa, patients started with one of four first-line regimens, which was subsequently changed in 514 patients (22%). In Switzerland, 36 first-line regimens were used initially, and these were changed in 539 patients (53%). In most patients HIV-1 RNA was suppressed to 500 copies/ml or less within one year: 96% (95% confidence interval [CI] 95%-97%) in South Africa and 96% (94%-97%) in Switzerland, and 26% (22%-29%) and 27% (24%-31%), respectively, developed viral rebound within two years. Mortality was higher in South Africa than in Switzerland during the first months of HAART: adjusted hazard ratios were 5.90 (95% CI 1.81-19.2) during months 1-3 and 1.77 (0.90-3.50) during months 4-24.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the highly individualised approach in Switzerland, programmatic HAART in South Africa resulted in similar virologic outcomes, with relatively few changes to initial regimens. Further innovation and resources are required in South Africa to both achieve more timely access to HAART and improve the prognosis of patients who start HAART with advanced disease.
Keywords
AIDS Vaccines/therapeutic use, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Cohort Studies, Drug Resistance, Viral, Female, HIV Infections/drug therapy, HIV Infections/epidemiology, Humans, Male, Public Health, South Africa, Switzerland
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
06/03/2009 9:31
Last modification date
20/08/2019 15:51
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