Consistent with the principles of evidence-based medicine, communicating clinical risks to patients and their families is an essential part of informed consent and decision-making. Communication of clinical risks can take place during and after consultations, orally or in writing, based on the latest available scientific data, when available. Numerous studies show that there are different degrees of innumeracy in the general population, meaning more or less significant difficulties mastering numbers in everyday situations. It is therefore imperative to communicate risks in a way that is adapted to the patients' variable numeracy and health literacy levels. This article presents a synthesis of international research on risk communication, as well as recommendations for clinical practice.