The interpretation of chest x-rays, which is part of a comprehensive medical management, requires a specific mastery, this despite the promising performance of artificial intelligence software. Alternatives to this imaging modality exist, particularly ultra-low dose CT (CT-ULD) and thoracic ultrasound (US) in some indications, but they are not a substitute for chest x-rays in clinical routine. Among the rules to be followed, a systematic reading technique is required, in order to reduce the risk of error. In addition, the observational and interpretive capabilities necessary for this task must be exercised, referring to the normal radiographic aspect. The objective of this article is to demonstrate the interpretation of pathological chest x-rays using clinical cases.