The evolution of language ideological debates about English and French in a multilingual humanitarian organisation.

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Version: Final published version
License: CC BY 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_BDD93889F9ED
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
The evolution of language ideological debates about English and French in a multilingual humanitarian organisation.
Journal
Language policy
Author(s)
Garrido M.R.
ISSN
1568-4555 (Print)
ISSN-L
1568-4555
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2022
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
21
Number
1
Pages
47-73
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
This article traces the evolution of the ideological construction of elite multilingualism, with a focus on the values accorded to French and English, under transforming socioeconomic and institutional conditions at the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). The ICRC, a major humanitarian agency based in Geneva, opens a window onto the construction of "internationalisation" and its accompanying language ideologies, resulting in fluctuating hiring requirements for "delegates" (expatriate representatives). The data include job advertisements for delegate posts from 1989 to 2020 complemented by interviews with different generations of delegates and ethnographic fieldwork in a recruitment fair. The analysis of language ideological debates at the ICRC illuminates the articulations and tensions between "roots" in Geneva, symbolised by French, and "routes" in its delegations worldwide, with English as a lingua franca, in dominant discourses about multilingualism. The requirements for ICRC delegates include English as a must and at least a second ICRC working language. Concerning the latter, there are tensions between the desired language regime at headquarters, privileging French as the "parent" language, and the current needs in key operations, with a shortage of Arabic speakers. The analysis shows that French requirements for generalist delegates have fluctuated from perfect command and good knowledge to an optional second working language. In the 2020 recruitment campaign, elite multilingualism is hierarchically stratified into English as a global language, other "working languages" including Arabic, and non-European languages such as Pashto or Dari as newly-introduced "assets".
Keywords
English, multilingualism, language policy, mobile workers, humanitarian agency, Elite multilingualism, Humanitarian organisation, Language debate, Linguistic requirements, Mobile workers
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
15/04/2021 7:27
Last modification date
05/04/2023 5:55
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