Repurposed Antiviral Drugs for Covid-19 - Interim WHO Solidarity Trial Results.
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UNIL restricted access
State: Public
Version: Author's accepted manuscript
License: All rights reserved
Serval ID
serval:BIB_AE3C5BFF9D70
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Repurposed Antiviral Drugs for Covid-19 - Interim WHO Solidarity Trial Results.
Journal
The New England Journal of Medicine
Working group(s)
WHO Solidarity Trial Consortium
Contributor(s)
Maggioni A., Babiker A., Cook D., Dondorp A., Kang G., Trelle S., McGinty S., Branca M., Appadoo S., Sterne J., Rogers C.A., Cappel-Porter H., Hutton D., Bellani S., Allum E., Kirwan J., Pan H., Peto R., Henao-Restrepo A.M., Lydon P., Miranda-Montoya M.C., Preziosi M.P., Salami K.K., Sathiyamoorthy V., Swaminathan S., Como N., Sinani N., Lopardo G., Roses Periago M., Nunes E.P., Reges P., Murthyt S., Salvadori M., Alvarez-Moreno C.A., Mesa Rubio M.L., Hassany M., Zaid H., Tikkinen K., Perola M., Ader F., Kieny M.P., Medina M.T., Cerrato N., Godbolet S., Reddy K.S., Irmansyah I., Rasmin M.R., Malekzadeh R., Eustace J., Lennon P., Maguire T., Tacconelli E., Magrini N., Alhasawi A., Al-Bader A., Abi Hanna P., Hamra R., Jancoriene L., Griskevicius L., Chow T.S., Kumar S., Stevanovikj M., Manevska S., Aukrust P., Barratt-Duet A., Røttingen J.A., Raza A., Hassan M., García P.J., Gotuzzo E., Alejandria M.M., Athari Alotaibi A.O., Asiri A., Nel J., Reest H., Abdool Karim Q., Portoles A., Hernández-Garcia C., Manuel O., Røttingen J.A., Karim Q.A., Alejandria M., Hernández García C., Paule Kieny M., Murthy S., Srinath Reddy K., Gjermeni N., Meta E., Balbuena J.B., Castelli J.M., Mykietiuk A., Vizzotti C., Chediack V., Cunto E., de Vedia L., Domínguez C., Fernández J., Lista N., Rodríguez A., Caimi S., Delgado C., Losso M., Masciottra F., Pachioli V., Toibaro J., Barletta J., Carrillo J., D'Amico N., Hermida L., Jaume M., Luna C., Padilla M., Patroso J., Perez Blanco L., Presas J., Rolon M.J., Sisto A.L., Themines S., Arce V., Arribillaga P., Ferreyra R.A., Lescano M.L., Tito F., Verón L., Chalco A., Farina J., Provenzano M., Alonso I., Alzola R., Benedetti M., Di Pilla D., Díaz Aguiar P., Cervellino Y., Giudiche C., Golikow M., Jacobo M., Laplume D., Loiacono F., López A., Ellero L., Pallavicini C., Riveros F., Torales G., Altamirano M., Barcelona L., Berdiñas V., Fogar C., Martin A., Avila R.A., Burgui J., Carrizo N., Filippi M., Gomez M., Reichert V., Alvarez M., Cazaux A.C., Díaz M., Hurtado H.M., Lorena L.R., Marianelli M.L., Orellano L., Salvay C., Simonetta M., Egle A., Greil R., Joannidis M., Altdorfer A., Fraipont V., Belkhir L., Hites M., Miranda Filho D.B., Monteiro P., Almeida V., Nunes C.X., Duani H., Breda G.L., Raboni S.M., Colussi A., Ramos M.C., Ruffing L.F., João E.C., Croda J., Pinto G.A., Arruda E., Corradi M., Machado E.S., Mello F., Pereira Junior L.C., Souza T., Toscano A., Santos V., Carrier F.M., Durand M., Lamontagne F., Bellemare D., Cloutier E., Costerousse O., Tran T.V., Turgeon A., Giilck S., Hoang H., Chagnon N., Lellouche F., Douglas J., Fera E., Cheng M.P., Costiniuk C., Harrison L., Khwaja K., Klein M., Kronfli N., Lee T.C., Papenburg J., Semret M., Duan E., Azher T., Geagea A., English S., Perez-Patrigeon S., Rushton M., Singh A., DiDiodato G., Fralick M., Press N., Daneman N., Fowler R., Rishu A., Graham C., Bogocj I., Lee N., O'Neil C., Ovakim D., Conly J., Fell C.D., Lim R., Somayaji R., Tremblay A., Vakil E., Keynan Y., Zarychanski R., Mah A., Parvathy S., Silverman M., Binnie A., Borgia S., Zuluaga I., Chacón J., Garzón D., Guevara F., Bravo J.S., Oñate J.M., Lozano-González S., Rojas-Murrugarra J.A., Saavedra C.H., Váquiro-Herrera E., Varón-Vega F., Macareno H., Caicedo M., Rosso F., Valderrama S.L., Elassal G., Zaky S., Hassany S., Moustafa E., Abdalmohsen A., Abdelbary A., Asem N., Masoud H., Said A., Amin W., Elshesheny M., Fathy M., Fathy N., Fayed N., Hammam A., Ibrahim H., Solyman Kabyl M., Mohamed M., Mohamed Gouda A., Okasha S., Rafik A., Sedky A., Tarek S., Tharwat A., Abdel Baki A., Abdel-Razek W., Kamal E., Myllärniemi M., Paajanen J., Renner A., Rutanen J., Sinisalo M.U., Andrejak C., Lanoix J.P., Zerbib Y., Diallo A., Mercier N., Djossou F., Bougon D., Tolsma V., Bouiller K., Navellou J.C., Gaborit B., Raffi F., Reignier J., Andreu P., Piroth L., Quenot J.P., Epaulard O., Terzi N., Goehringer F., Kimmoun A., Courjon J., Dellamonica J., Leroy S., Marquette C.H., Laine F., Laviolle B., Lebeaux D., Buffet A., Fayol A., Hulot J.S., Livrozet M., Hinschberger O., Mootien Y., Mayaux J., Pourcher V., Bruel C., Pilmis B., Gallien S., Mekontso Dessap A., Alfaiate T., Dechanet A., Dupont A., Laribi S., Tellier M.C., Tubiana S., Belhadi D., Bouadma L., Burdet C., Lescure F.X., Mentre F., Peiffer-Smadja N., Peytavin G., Timsit J.F., Yazdanpanah Y., Kerneis S., Lachatre M., Launay O., Figueiredo S., Jauréguiberry S., Aboab J., Crockett F., Sayre N., Dubost C., Le Pavec J., Stefan F., Lacombe K., Molina J.M., Noret M., Pialoux G., Richard J.C., Textoris J., Wallet F., Delmas C., Saillard J., Klouche K., Faure K., Faure E., Poissy J., Gaci R., Robert C., Le Moing V., Makinson A., Benezit F., Mourvillier B., Costagliola D., Clere-Jehl R., Danion F., Meziani F., Poindron V., Bounes F., Martin-Blondel G., Jean-Michel V., Senneville E., Garot D., Boyer A., Cazanave C., Gruson D., Malvy D., Chabartier C., Botelho-Nevers E., Gagneux-Brunon A., Thiery G., Fougerou C., Fiallos A.A., Erazo L., Figueroa R., Flores J.J., Melendez L., Aguilar C., Moncada W., Atal S., Joshi R., Khadanga S., Ray A., Saigal S., Sharma S., Avinash A., Bhardwaj P., Bhatia P., Charan J., Chauhan N., Dutt N., Garg M., Nag V., Shadrach B., Aggarwal R., Baidya D.K., Guleria R., Kayina C.A., Mittal A., Nischal N., Soneja M., Soni K.D., Maitra S., Trikha A., Wig N., Chikara G., Gupta P., Kant R., Krishnan V., Mohan B., Panda P., Ramakrishnan N., Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan B.K., Venkatasubramanian R., Ebenezer R., Krishnamoorthy S., Suresh Kumar D., Bhati G., Marwah V., Peter D., Tilak T., Borse R., Daswani B., Divhare S., Ogale D., Sangale S., Tambe M., Waghmare R., Desai C., Raval D., Upadhyay K., Agrawal N., Iyer S., Reddy K., Rege S., Shah J., Bhadade R., de Souza R., Harde M., Goenka A., Mangalgiri A., Maurya M., Parate R., Singh K., Tiwari A., Verma R., Abraham O.C., Balachandran A., Sudarsanam T.D., Aedula V., Bingi T.C., Jamalapuram V., Kalakuntla H., Maurya A.K., Nagmani K., Padma Malini K., Rajarao M., Rao K.T., Sudarsi R., Suleman M.D., Mehta K., Patel P., Rathod C., Acharya C., Bhatt K., Chaudhari M., Chaudhary V., Divakar B., Gamit A., Gamit S., Kantharia B., Kavishvar A., Momin M., Patel C., Patel V., Patel S., Patel H., Vasava A., Verma M., Khandare S., Chand D., Kalikar M., Mitra S., Narlawar U., Bhargavi B., Chakradhararao G., Durgaprasad D., Seshaiah K., Chidrawar S., Kadam A., Kalme S., Kamble S., Mamulwar M., Panda S., Sane S., Bhargava B., Gangakhedkar R., Gupta N., Banu T., Damodaran V., Narasimhan L., Natarajan G., Rajendran V., Sudha K.M., Sudharshini S., Therani E., Jayanthi R., Komathi J., Manimaran K.P., Ramesh Kumar T., Revathi A., Bhapal M., Misra S., Trivedi A., Agrawal U., Udwadia Z., Paritekar A., Patil G., Waikar A., Malhotra S., Roy D., Agrawal A., Bhandari S., Mahavar S., Sharma R., Kumarasamy N., Selvamuthu P., Ahmad M., Gupta M., Purohit V., Afrilia A.R., Arlinda D., Avrina R., Bang L.E., Driyah S.L., Erastuti M., Fajarwati T., Karyana M., Nurhayati N., Opitasari C., Pradana A.A., Risniati Y., Sugiyono R.I., Susanto N.H., Syarif A.K., Yulianto A., Amin M., Somia I., Kusuma I., Mahmudji H.A., Sari F.E., Sitompul P.A., Herman D., Harsini H., Sugiri Y.J., Soedarsono S., Hartantri Y., Raharjo S.B., Medison I., Riyanto B.S., Djaharuddin I., Djojo A.Y., Rahmaini A., Isbaniah F., Nugroho A., Sajinadiyasa G.K., Pitoyo C.W., Amini F., Moogahi S., Varnasseri M., Yadyad M.J., Yousefi F., Siami Z., Soleimani A., Kamali A., Mahmoodiyeh B., Sarmadian H., Shojaei D., Soltanmohammad S., Bayani M., Ebrahimpour S., Javanian M., Sadeghi Haddad Zavareh M., Shokri M., Khodabakhshi B., Norouzi A., Tavassoli S., Joukar F., Mahfoozi L., Mansour-Ghanaei F., Pourkazemi A., Hakamifard A., Salahi M., Shirani K., Afsharian M., Janbakhsh A., Mansouri F., Miladi R., Mohamadi P., Mhseni Afshar Z., Sayad B., Shirvani M., Vaziri S., Zamanian M.H., Amini M., Barazandeh F., Hafizi Lotfabadi S., Khodashahi R., Mozdourian M., Saberhosseini S.N., Saberi M., Saber-Moghaddam N., Baba Mahmoodi F., Fallahpoor Golmaee F., Mesgarpour T.B., Karampour A., Kiani Majd S., Najafipour R., Najari H., Zare Hoseinzade E., Foroghi Ghomi S.Y., Ghadir M.R., Gheitani M., Hashemi Madani S.S., Hormati A., Khodadadi J., Akhavi Mirab A., Mesri M., Mozaffar H., Baghaei P., Dastan F., Tabarsi P., Mousavi Anari S.A., Fallahi M.J., Moghadami M., Yaghoubi S., Zand F., Ansarin K., Mikaeili H., Nazemiyeh M., Taghizadieh A., Eghtesad S., Ghiasvand F., Hosseini H., Khajavirad N., Mohraz M., Poustchi H., Sadeghi A., Sahraian M.A., Salehi M.R., Sima A.R., deBarra E., Muldoon E., Jackson A., Bergin C., McCarthy C., Laffey J.G., Corcione S., De Rosa F.G., Scabini S., Bisi L., Bonfanti P., Gustinetti G., Iannuzzi F., Capetti A., Galli M., Rusconi S., Bai F., d'Arminio Monforte A., Merlini E., Menatti E., Zucchi P., Barchiesi F., Canovari B., Pecori D., Tascini C., Della Siega P., Merelli M., Cocco N., Drera B., Fornabaio C., Pan A., Castelli F., Focà E., Quiros-Roldan E., Bandera A., Gori A., Cauda R., Cingolani A., de Gaetano Donati K., Lamonica S., Agheben A., Riccardi N., Rodari P., Degioanni M., Lupia T., Di Bella S., Giacomazzi D., Luzzati R., Di Biagio A., Bassetti M., Kertusha B., Lichtner M., Zuccalá P., Campoli C., Viale P., Rovere P., Vincenzi M., Calò F., Coppola N., Macera M., Monari C., Cremonini E., De Nardo P., Pezzani M.D., Al-Roomi M., Kelly S., Al-Sabah S., Matar M., Hassoun M., Saliba M., Zablockiene B., Reuter J., Staub T., Lee H.G., Chew C.K., Goh P.P., Mak W.Y., Leong C.L., Zaidan N.Z., Chua H.H., Low L.L., Mohamed Gani Y.G., Muhamad D., Ab Wahab S., Demiri I.S., Marinkovikj S., Petreska B., Spasovska K., Dalgard O., Vinge L., Kittang B.R., Blomberg B., Ystrøm C.M., Eiken R., Skei N.V., Hoel H., Tholin B., Hoff D., Dyrhol-Riise A.M., Holten A.R., Kåsine T., Nezvalova-Henriksen K., Olsen I.C., Trøseid M., Aballi S., Olsen R.B., Haugli M., Berg B., Skudal H.K., Hannula R., Kildal A.B., Johannessen A., Tveita A.A., Heggelund L., Ernst G., Thoresen L., Begum D., Mahmood F., Nasir N., Akhtar N., Walayat U., Bhatti S., Herekar F., Hussain M., Mustafa S., Rahim A., Rehman A., Sarfaraz S., Shaikh Q., Bernal-Málaga K.H., Del-Aguila-Torres K., Gastiaburú-Rodriguez D.Y., Gomero-Lopez A.A., Laca-Barrera M., Peña-Mayorga C.X., Pro J., Samanez-Pérez J.M., Sotomayor-Woolcott G.M., Gianella-Malca G.E., Ponce O.J., Rojas-Murrugarra K.M., Tapia-Orihuela R., Luna-Wilson C.V., Ortega-Monasterios F.J., Peña-Villalobos A., Cornejo-Valdivia C.R., Málaga G., Mejía-Cordero F., Juárez-Eyzaguirre J.A., León-Jiménez F., Barreto-Rocchetti L.G., Flores-Valdez N., Hueda-Zavaleta M.A., Inquilla-Castillo M.A., Mendoza-Laredo J.A., Otazú-Ybáñez J.P., Ponte-Fernandez K.E., Vargas-Anahua O.J., Alva-Correa A.M., Ángeles-Padilla B., Franco-Vásquez R.A., Gallegos-López R.C., Olivera-Chaupis M., Paredes-Moreno M.A., Torres-Ninapayta W., Vásquez-Becerra R.D., Agurto-Lescano E.C., Hercilla-Vásquez L.E., Iberico-Barrera C.A., Terrazas-Obregón C.S., Castillo-Espinoza J., Chacaltana-Huarcaya J.N., Díaz-Chipana E., Quispe-Nolazco C.M., Ramos-Samanez M.E., Vásquez-Cerro J.G., Yauri-Lazo R.M., Arbañil-Huamán H.C., Ibarcena-Llerena C.V., Miranda-Manrique G.F., Santos-Revilla G., Terrones-Levano V.F., Ticona-Huaroto C.E., Ugarte-Mercado D.Y., Soto A., Alcantara-Díaz A.M., Azañero-Haro J.A., Carazas-Chavarry R.J., Cruz-Chereque A., Sánchez-Sevillano R.M., Casimiro-Porras I.C., Peña-Vásquez O., Sánchez-Garavito E., Sandoval-Manrique H., Silva-Ramos J.A., Torres-Ruiz O.M., Meregildo-Rodríguez E.D., Alvarado-Moreno J.G., Ávila-Reyes P.C., Benitez-Peche J., Cabrera-Portillo L.N., Sánchez-Carrillo H.C., Solano-Ico M.A., Villegas-Chiroque M., Cárcamo P.M., Williams A.L., Fernandez L., Kwek M., Cajulao T., Javier R.J., Ramos M., Santos L., Chua M.M., Garcia G., Li K.L., Europa G.M., Tagarda D., Ngo-Sanchez K.L., De Los Reyes V., Orden M.C., Caoili J., Gler M.T., Andales-Bacolcol S., Nepomuceno M.J., Teo D., Roxas E.A., Te B.M., Blanco P., Chua M.B., Mujeres M.C., Garcia J.U., Roman A., Paez R.D., Ramos C., Arches J.T., Awing A.G., Solante R., Ymbong D.R., Chin I., Lee A., Roa K., Panaligan M., Llorin R.M., Quinivista-Yoon J., Suaco J.J., Tibayan C.J., Zabat G., Abad C., Aventura E.A., Bello J., Francisco J., Lansang M.A., Cabrera J., Catambing V., Rosario M.C., Arcegono M.S., Buno S.V., David-Wang A., Malundo A.F., Villalobos R.E., Bala M.V., Macadato O.K., Reyes S.M., Tang I.R., Al Gethamy M., Naji A., Al-Mulaify M.S., Alrajhi A., Al Maghraby R., Alotaibi N., AlShaharani F., Sharidi A.A., Barry M., Ghonem L., Khalel A., Alabdan L., Kharaba A.M., AlAbdullah M.S., Shabib A.A., Menezes C., van Blydenstein S.A., Venter M., Mendelson M., Sossen B., Maluleke V.L., Mdladla A.N., Nchabeleng M., Bennet J., Mbhele N., Mwelase N., Parker V., Rassool M., Palanee-Phillips T., Ferreira Pasos E.M., González Moraleja J., Toledano M.P., Carrillo A., Chumbita M., De la Mora L., Etcheverry F., Garcia F., Hernández M., Inciarte A., Leal L., Miró O., Moreno A., Puerta P., Solà M., Soriano A., Tomé A., Ascaso A., Burruezo I., Cabello-Clotet N., Estrada V., Leone A., Lozano-Martin D., Martin-Sanchez F.J., Nuñez Orantos M.J., Rivas Paterna A.B., Sagastagoitia I., Sandoval R., Vargas E., Esquillor-Rodrigo M.J., Guzmán J., Paño-Pardo J.R., Toyas-Miazza C., Juan Arribas A., Algarra Vento J., Del Rio Pérez O., Macia Paredes A., Pelleja Munné D., Valero Rovira S., García Deltoro M., Ortega P., Puchades F., Sanz F., Tamarit J., Jerusalem K., Pérez Fernández A.M., Elices-Calzón M.I., González-Cervera J., López-Larramona G., Lucendo A.J., Maestre-Muñiz M.M., Martín-Toledano M., Masegosa-Casanova S., Ruiz-Chicote A.M., Agea I., Boix V., García R., Gil J., Llorens P., Merino E., Reus S., Sánchez R., Torrús-Tendero D., Gutierrez F., Masiá M., Padilla S., Berenguer J., Diez P., Diez C., Fanciulli C., Gutiérrez I., Miguens I., Pérez-Latorre L., Ramirez M., Arribas J.R., de la Calle F., Díaz Pollán B., Torres M.R., Caballero Bermejo A., Adolfo Centeno G., Diaz De Santiago A., Fernandez Cruz A., Muñez Rubio E., Pintos Pascual I., Ramos Martinez A., Gomez-Huelgas R., Lopez-Carmona M.D., Perez-Camacho I., Salas R., Gainzarain J.C., Moran M.A., Ortiz De Zarate Z., Portu J., Saez De Adana E., Baraiaetxaburu Artetxe J.M., De La Peña Trigueros M., De Miguel Landiribar J., Ferrero Beneitez O.L., Ibarra Ugarte S., Intxausti Urrutibeaskoa M., Lombide Aguirre I., Lopez Azkarreta I., López Martínez M., Muñoz Sanchez P., Polo San Ricardo V., Sagarna Aguirrezabala A., Zubero Sulibarria M.Z., Rodríguez Vidigal F.F., García Muñiz D., Laza Laza E., Sangüesa Jareño M., Basterretxea Ozamiz A., Blanco Vidal M.J., Del Alamo Martinez M., García de Vicuña Melendez A., Goikoetxea Agirre A.J., Ibarrola Hierro M., Isasi Otaolea I., Nieto Arana J., Abad Pérez D., Aranda Rife E., Balado Rico M., Conde Senovilla E., Del Cerro Saélices M., Fernández de Orueta L., Herrera Rodríguez A., López Muñoz N., Luengo López M., Manzone E.M., Martínez Cifre B., Muñoz Flores M., Odeh Santana S., Pérez Caballero G., Alarcón-Payer C., Barbero Hernández M.J., Herrero Rodríguez C., Horno Ureña F., La Rosa Salas F.J., Pérez Chica G., Martín Oterino J.A., Agirre E., Alvarez I., Berroeta A., Bustinduy M.J., Camino X., Couto A., Fuertes A., Goenaga M.A., Ibarguren M., Iribarren J.A., Kortajarena X., Von WIchmann M.A., Zubeldia J.J., Zubeltzu B., Zufiaurre A., Abreu-Galan M.A., Devora-Ruano O., Galan de Juana M., Guijarro C., Hernandez-Nuñez J., Martínez-Simón J.J., Martin-Segarra O., Pablo-Esteban A., Parra-Ramirez J.M., Pérez-Hopkins J.T., Pozo-Peña M.P., Sierra-Torres G., Vegas-Serrano A., Velasco M., Alvaro-Alonso E.A., Ryan P., Valencia J., Ruiz-Seco P., Gómez Barquero J., Masa J.F., Asensio J., Fanjul F., Ferre A., Fullana M.I., Peñaranda M., Ramon L., Jiménez-López R., Nuño E., Pérez-López C., Sánchez-Lora J., Sánchez-Yáñez E., Del Toro M.D., Gutiérrez-Moreno M., Jiménez-Varo I., Palacios-Baena Z., Palazón-Carrión N., Retamar P., Rodríguez-Baño J., Salamanca-Rivera E., Sevillano M., Valiente-Méndez A., Vicente-Baz D., Berrocal Gil P., Salavert Lletí M., Lalueza Iis Aragón A., de la Rica M., Diez-Galán L., Aranda García Y., Borque P., Chamorro Tojeiro S., Comeche B., Diaz Garcia N., Escudero-Sanchez R., Gioia F., Monge-Maillo B., Moreno Guillen S., Gonzalez R., Vizcarra P., Bosshard A., Wiegand J., Greiner M., Gastberger S., Desbaillets N., Emonet S., Petignat P.A., Stavropoulou E., Erard V., Duss F., Garin N., Calmy A., Flammer Y., Marinosci A., Prendki V., Conen A., Haubitz S., Jakopp B., West E., Wiggli B., Desgranges F., Haefliger D., Suttels V., van den Bogaart L., Clerc O., Fulchini R., Stoeckle M., Arrigorriaga S.A., Fernandez Deu R.F., Guida A.G., Lassen L.K., Silva S.F., Toledo C.T., Zamora A.Z., Zappia L.Z., Esmaeilzadeh-Leithner S., Lamprecht B., Wolkersdorfer D., Khalil Z., Sachetti C.G., Soares F.F., Medronho R.A., Moraes M.J., Grinsztejn B., Krieger M.A., Oliveira A., Vieira M., Takeda C., Daley P., Poirier G., Aslam Z., Matte S., Cavayas Y.A., Connora W., Mandelzweig K., Downey C., Kiiza P., Shadowitz E., Gamble G., Chaubey V., Grant J., Coburn B., Poutanen S.M., Heendeniya A., Kelly L.E., Tsang J., Schwartz K.L., Tan D., Choconta M., Martínez L., Gil Y., Jiménez M., Montañez A., Córdoba O., Agudelo O., de La Hoz J., Salazar M., Valencia A., Muriel A., Villabon J., Arévalo C., Rebolledo C., Sáenz L.D., Villar J.C., Bello S., Gómez K., Martínez A., Sotomayor A., Yara J., Aristizábal C., Castro D., Isaza M., Marín P., Orjuela C., Méndez V., Gómez C., Aguilera S., Torres F., Moscoso A., Ruiz F., Ramírez L., Tambini G., Aldana J., Pulgarín P., Cordoba O., Kalliala I., Kilpeläinen T.P., Määttä G.M., Virtanen V.K., Chair A., Level J., Schneider M., Guedj J., Laouenan C., Godard V., Cabie A., Revest M., Bani-Sadr F., Cameli C., Ngo Um Tegue M.J., Diehl J.L., Petrov-Sanchez V., Le Mestre S., Cagnot C., Lebrasseur D., Birkle C., Moins C., Gibowski S., Paul C., Landry E., Balssa E., Wadouachi L., le Goff A., Moachon L., Semaille C., Esperou H., Couffin-Cadiergues S., D'Ortenzio E., Hamze B., Puechal O., Riault Y., Netzer E., Bouscambert-Duchamp M., Icard V., Lina B., Morfin-Sherpa F., Gaymard A., Thalamas C., Murris M., Wittkop L., Moinot L., Gelley A., Essat A., Ghislain M., Brossard M., Beniguel L., Genin M., Juarez M., Maradiaga N., Samara J., Jerez J.S., Cruz E., Rodriguez H., Contreras F., Herrera F., Moncada S., Murillo W., Flores A., Aplicano R., Huerta P., Misra J.S., Mathur Ahmedabad D., Suthar N., Shah S., Palat P., Chandwani A., Pandya A., Buch V., Talati S., Patel D., Ingle V., Singhai A., Shrivastava N., Pavithra S., Elvira E., Parthasarathy G., Arun Chander Y., Afsal A., Hilda N.K., Krishnan J., Hilda S., Kirubanandam K., Poongavanam C., Swaminathan J., Arathi G., Jayashree G., Meenakshi T., Gomathi S., Anuradha C.R., Pravin Kumar R., Sai Vishal S., Praveen Kumar C., Beulah F., Ramu S., Narayanan G., Sheshadri B., Iqbal Ahmed M.D., Goyal B., Singh R., Bhamare A., Hinduja P.D., Sunavala A., Mehendale S., Raju R.S., Faisal M., Gomase P., Gosavi P., Bhelekar S., Agrawal P., Sabu R., Subramaniam R., Anant A., Bhatnagar S., Dar L., Bhoi S., Mathur P., Kumar A., Ved Prakash M., Tiwari P., Murhekar M., Agrawal S., John B., Mangal V., Palkar S., Krishnan S., Bangar R., Kerkar P., Chaudhari K., Kokate P., Kashikar A., Singh M., Chauhan A., Patel A., Chauhan K., George T., Audrin L., Karthik G., Varghese G.M., Rupali P., Balamugesh T., Surekha V., Chacko B., Moorthy M., Abhilash K., Nair S.C., Chandy S., Charles R., Jacob A., Mathew D., Inbarani E., Moses R., Stanely N., Nurulita A., Ilyas M., Lihawa N., Tabri N.A., Mayasari N., Sanglah R., Kusumawardani I., Candrawati N.W., Arisanti N., Utama I., Sofro M., Kholis F.N., Farkhanah N., Handoyo T., Suyastri S., Hidayat T., Oktafia D., Otifa M.V., Sabaan W., Sumawan S., Nopiasardani I., Purnamasidhi C., Aryabiantara I.W., Suyasa I.K., Samatra D., Setiawan H.W., Wulaningrum P.A., 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ISSN
1533-4406 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0028-4793
Publication state
Published
Issued date
11/02/2021
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
384
Number
6
Pages
497-511
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: ppublish
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
World Health Organization expert groups recommended mortality trials of four repurposed antiviral drugs - remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon beta-1a - in patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19).
We randomly assigned inpatients with Covid-19 equally between one of the trial drug regimens that was locally available and open control (up to five options, four active and the local standard of care). The intention-to-treat primary analyses examined in-hospital mortality in the four pairwise comparisons of each trial drug and its control (drug available but patient assigned to the same care without that drug). Rate ratios for death were calculated with stratification according to age and status regarding mechanical ventilation at trial entry.
At 405 hospitals in 30 countries, 11,330 adults underwent randomization; 2750 were assigned to receive remdesivir, 954 to hydroxychloroquine, 1411 to lopinavir (without interferon), 2063 to interferon (including 651 to interferon plus lopinavir), and 4088 to no trial drug. Adherence was 94 to 96% midway through treatment, with 2 to 6% crossover. In total, 1253 deaths were reported (median day of death, day 8; interquartile range, 4 to 14). The Kaplan-Meier 28-day mortality was 11.8% (39.0% if the patient was already receiving ventilation at randomization and 9.5% otherwise). Death occurred in 301 of 2743 patients receiving remdesivir and in 303 of 2708 receiving its control (rate ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81 to 1.11; P = 0.50), in 104 of 947 patients receiving hydroxychloroquine and in 84 of 906 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.59; P = 0.23), in 148 of 1399 patients receiving lopinavir and in 146 of 1372 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.25; P = 0.97), and in 243 of 2050 patients receiving interferon and in 216 of 2050 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.39; P = 0.11). No drug definitely reduced mortality, overall or in any subgroup, or reduced initiation of ventilation or hospitalization duration.
These remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon regimens had little or no effect on hospitalized patients with Covid-19, as indicated by overall mortality, initiation of ventilation, and duration of hospital stay. (Funded by the World Health Organization; ISRCTN Registry number, ISRCTN83971151; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04315948.).
We randomly assigned inpatients with Covid-19 equally between one of the trial drug regimens that was locally available and open control (up to five options, four active and the local standard of care). The intention-to-treat primary analyses examined in-hospital mortality in the four pairwise comparisons of each trial drug and its control (drug available but patient assigned to the same care without that drug). Rate ratios for death were calculated with stratification according to age and status regarding mechanical ventilation at trial entry.
At 405 hospitals in 30 countries, 11,330 adults underwent randomization; 2750 were assigned to receive remdesivir, 954 to hydroxychloroquine, 1411 to lopinavir (without interferon), 2063 to interferon (including 651 to interferon plus lopinavir), and 4088 to no trial drug. Adherence was 94 to 96% midway through treatment, with 2 to 6% crossover. In total, 1253 deaths were reported (median day of death, day 8; interquartile range, 4 to 14). The Kaplan-Meier 28-day mortality was 11.8% (39.0% if the patient was already receiving ventilation at randomization and 9.5% otherwise). Death occurred in 301 of 2743 patients receiving remdesivir and in 303 of 2708 receiving its control (rate ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81 to 1.11; P = 0.50), in 104 of 947 patients receiving hydroxychloroquine and in 84 of 906 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.59; P = 0.23), in 148 of 1399 patients receiving lopinavir and in 146 of 1372 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.25; P = 0.97), and in 243 of 2050 patients receiving interferon and in 216 of 2050 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.39; P = 0.11). No drug definitely reduced mortality, overall or in any subgroup, or reduced initiation of ventilation or hospitalization duration.
These remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon regimens had little or no effect on hospitalized patients with Covid-19, as indicated by overall mortality, initiation of ventilation, and duration of hospital stay. (Funded by the World Health Organization; ISRCTN Registry number, ISRCTN83971151; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04315948.).
Keywords
Adenosine Monophosphate/analogs & derivatives, Adenosine Monophosphate/therapeutic use, Aged, Alanine/analogs & derivatives, Alanine/therapeutic use, Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage, Antiviral Agents/adverse effects, Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use, COVID-19/drug therapy, COVID-19/mortality, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Hospital Mortality, Hospitalization, Humans, Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use, Intention to Treat Analysis, Interferon beta-1a/therapeutic use, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Length of Stay, Lopinavir/therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Respiration, Artificial, Treatment Failure
Pubmed
Open Access
Yes
Create date
07/12/2020 13:32
Last modification date
09/02/2024 8:41