Effects of dexamethasone on the metabolic responses to mental stress in humans.

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_ABA2614AF1E8
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Effects of dexamethasone on the metabolic responses to mental stress in humans.
Journal
Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging
Author(s)
Seematter G., Battilana P., Tappy L.
ISSN
1475-0961 (Print)
ISSN-L
1475-0961
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2002
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
22
Number
2
Pages
139-144
Language
english
Abstract
The haemodynamic effects of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activations elicited by hypoglycaemia, acute alcohol administration, or insulin can be prevented by a pretreatment with dexamethasone in humans. This suggests a possible role of central corticotropin releasing hormone (GRIT) release. Mental stress activates the SNS, and decreases systemic vascular resistances though a beta-adrenergic-mediated vasodilation thought to involve vascular nitric oxide release. It also increases insulin-mediated glucose disposal, an effect presumably related to vasodilation. In order to evaluate whether activation of SNS by mental stress is glucocorticoid-sensitive, we monitored the haemodynamic and metabolic effects of mental stress during hyperinsulinaemia in healthy humans with and without a 2-day treatment with 8 mg day(-1) dexamethasone. Mental stress decreased systemic vascular resistances by 21.9% and increased insulin-mediated glucose disposal by 2 8.4% without dexamethasone pretreatment. After 2 days of dexamethasone treatment, whole body insulin-mediated glucose disposal was decreased by 40.8%. The haemodynainic effects of mental stress were however, not affected. Mental stress acutely increased insulin-mediated glucose disposal by 28.0%. This indicates that mental stress elicits a stimulation of SNS through dexamethasone-insensitive pathway, distinct of those activated by insulin, alcohol, or hyperglycaemia.
Keywords
Adult, Blood Glucose/metabolism, Blood Pressure, Cardiac Output, Dexamethasone/administration & dosage, Energy Metabolism/drug effects, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood, Female, Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage, Heart Rate, Humans, Insulin/blood, Norepinephrine/blood, Stress, Psychological/metabolism, Sympathetic Nervous System/metabolism, Vascular Resistance, Vasodilation/drug effects
Pubmed
Web of science
Create date
24/01/2008 14:37
Last modification date
20/08/2019 16:15
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