International Investment Law has become one of the hot topics of the current debate on a future sustainable inter-national economic order. Several international fora (OECD, UNCTAD, ICSID; UNCTAD, EU) keep working on a reform of this area (in particular the dispute settlement) and newsletters and blogs are full of criticism of the current system both with regard to the substance and the procedures. At the same time, this is not a new phenome-non and especially in the case of Switzerland the respective discussions go back for more than a century. This is not surprising when one looks at the importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) for this country and the legal practice that the Swiss administration has developed to remain an attractive seat of foreign investors and a competitive place for the settlement of (investment) disputes. This (short) introduction to the contributions from the scientific conference held in the framework of the Annual Meeting of the Swiss Society of International Law (SSDI/SVIR) held in Lausanne on 13 November 2020 tries to show why the current debate on international in-vestment law is so important for Switzerland and which questions will occupy the administration, practicing lawyers, tribunals, academia and civil society in the years to come.