VÉCU MIGRATOIRE, SENTIMENT DE SATISFACTION ET INTÉGRATION SOCIALE CHEZ DES FEMMES MIGRANTES QUALIFIÉES ISSUES D'ÉTATS TIERS
Details
Serval ID
serval:BIB_40E3C07D1492
Type
PhD thesis: a PhD thesis.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
VÉCU MIGRATOIRE, SENTIMENT DE SATISFACTION ET INTÉGRATION SOCIALE CHEZ DES FEMMES MIGRANTES QUALIFIÉES ISSUES D'ÉTATS TIERS
Director(s)
Santiago-Delefosse Marie
Institution details
Université de Lausanne, Faculté des sciences sociales et politiques
Address
Faculté des sciences sociales et politiques (SSP)
Université de Lausanne
CH-1015 Lausanne
SUISSE
Université de Lausanne
CH-1015 Lausanne
SUISSE
Publication state
Accepted
Issued date
2016
Language
french
Abstract
En Europe et en Suisse, les femmes issues d'Etats tiers (hors UE et AELE) constituent la population la plus vulnérable en raison d'un phénomène de « triple désavantage » lié aux inégalités de genre, à l'origine (droit de séjour) et aux entraves sociopolitiques de discrimination. Cette population a été étudiée selon deux perspectives, principalement : l'adaptabilité, en management, et l'acculturation dans le courant mainstream en psychologie. Au niveau sociopolitique, l'accent est mis sur la déqualification des femmes, sans approfondir le contenu de ce vécu. Ainsi, cette recherche contribue à la compréhension de l'impact de la migration sur le vécu et la satisfaction de vie des femmes migrantes qualifiées en Suisse romande. Par une approche singulière, interdisciplinaire et contextuelle, nous explorons les principales difficultés et stratégies qui leur permettent de dépasser les obstacles structurels et symboliques à la satisfaction de leur parcours migratoire. Nous avons adopté une approche méthodologique qualitative fondée sur 30 entretiens semi-struciurés, avec deux groupes de migrantes qualifiées issues d'Etats tiers (celles engagées pour un travail et celles venues par d'autres biais) et sur une analyse thématique et lexicale. Par l'étude des facteurs subjectifs, intersubjectifs et structurels, cette recherche montre l'inadéquation de la distinction entre « migrantes » et « expatriées » telle que traitée dans l'actualité et remet en question la définition même de l'intégration. En effet, les résultats montrent que la déqualification n'est pas durable lorsque les ressources concrètes et symboliques sont suffisantes. Le modèle que nous proposons montre que les éléments compensatoires lors des moments de détresse et la maîtrise subjective sont des éléments clés pour le contentement relatif des femmes, davantage que l'insertion professionnelle et la maîtrise langagière. La création de nouveaux cadres de sens cohérents avec leur situation de vie permet l'ouverture à l'altérité et favorise la création des liens sociaux suffisamment contenants. Nos résultats ouvrent des pistes de réflexion sur Yempowerment de cette population grandissante et particulièrement vulnérable.
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In Europe and in Switzerland, women from third countries (outside EU and AELE) represent the most vulnérable group. Indeed, being a woman, a foreigner and originally from a third country implies a "triple handicap" because those are three disadvantaged and potentially discriminated groups in the labor market. This population has been studied mainly in two domains: in management, focusing on the adaptability of these professionals and in mainstream psychology, using the acculturation model. From a sociopolitical perspective, research highlights the "deskilling power" of migration but tends to focus on a descriptive level. Our goal is to deepen the understanding of the impact of migration on these women's lives and on their life satisfaction in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. From an original, interdisciplinary and contextual approach, we investigate the main challenges and stratégies that allow them to overcome structural and symbolic obstacles to satisfaction in their migration journey This qualitative study is based on 30 semi-structured interviews conducted with two groups of women (skilled women who migrated with a work contract and permit, and skilled women who migrated through other means). Data was analyzed by Thematic Content Analysis and Lexical analysis. The study of subjective, intersubjective and structural factors shows that the current distinction between "migrants" and "expatriâtes" is inappropriate and raises important questions about the définition of intégration. Results show that the deskilling effect of migration might be overcome when there are sufficient concrete and symbolic resources available. The model we propose indicates that compensatory factors in moments of psychological distress and a sense of agency are key elements for these women's contentment and that they are more important than professional intégration and mastering the local language. The création of new circles of meaning aligned with their life situation increases openness to otherness and encourages new supportive social connections. Our findings open new perspectives for the empowerment of this growing and particularly vulnérable population.
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In Europe and in Switzerland, women from third countries (outside EU and AELE) represent the most vulnérable group. Indeed, being a woman, a foreigner and originally from a third country implies a "triple handicap" because those are three disadvantaged and potentially discriminated groups in the labor market. This population has been studied mainly in two domains: in management, focusing on the adaptability of these professionals and in mainstream psychology, using the acculturation model. From a sociopolitical perspective, research highlights the "deskilling power" of migration but tends to focus on a descriptive level. Our goal is to deepen the understanding of the impact of migration on these women's lives and on their life satisfaction in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. From an original, interdisciplinary and contextual approach, we investigate the main challenges and stratégies that allow them to overcome structural and symbolic obstacles to satisfaction in their migration journey This qualitative study is based on 30 semi-structured interviews conducted with two groups of women (skilled women who migrated with a work contract and permit, and skilled women who migrated through other means). Data was analyzed by Thematic Content Analysis and Lexical analysis. The study of subjective, intersubjective and structural factors shows that the current distinction between "migrants" and "expatriâtes" is inappropriate and raises important questions about the définition of intégration. Results show that the deskilling effect of migration might be overcome when there are sufficient concrete and symbolic resources available. The model we propose indicates that compensatory factors in moments of psychological distress and a sense of agency are key elements for these women's contentment and that they are more important than professional intégration and mastering the local language. The création of new circles of meaning aligned with their life situation increases openness to otherness and encourages new supportive social connections. Our findings open new perspectives for the empowerment of this growing and particularly vulnérable population.
Create date
06/02/2017 12:28
Last modification date
20/08/2019 13:39