The Role of Insulation in Patterning Gene Expression.

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Version: Final published version
License: CC BY 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_3A3598331A41
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Publication sub-type
Review (review): journal as complete as possible of one specific subject, written based on exhaustive analyses from published work.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
The Role of Insulation in Patterning Gene Expression.
Journal
Genes
Author(s)
Özdemir I., Gambetta M.C.
ISSN
2073-4425 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
2073-4425
Publication state
Published
Issued date
28/09/2019
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
10
Number
10
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
Development is orchestrated by regulatory elements that turn genes ON or OFF in precise spatial and temporal patterns. Many safety mechanisms prevent inappropriate action of a regulatory element on the wrong gene promoter. In flies and mammals, dedicated DNA elements (insulators) recruit protein factors (insulator binding proteins, or IBPs) to shield promoters from regulatory elements. In mammals, a single IBP called CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) is known, whereas genetic and biochemical analyses in Drosophila have identified a larger repertoire of IBPs. How insulators function at the molecular level is not fully understood, but it is currently thought that they fold chromosomes into conformations that affect regulatory element-promoter communication. Here, we review the discovery of insulators and describe their properties. We discuss recent genetic studies in flies and mice to address the question: Is gene insulation important for animal development? Comparing and contrasting observations in these two species reveal that they have different requirements for insulation, but that insulation is a conserved and critical gene regulation strategy.
Keywords
Animals, Drosophila melanogaster, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Humans, Insulator Elements, Transcription, Genetic, CTCF, Drosophila, IBP, gene insulation, gene regulation, genome topology, insulator, mouse
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
02/10/2019 15:47
Last modification date
15/01/2021 7:08
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