Members of the javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@d71ef36 order are obligate intracellular pathogens causing acute and chronic infectious diseases. javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@1d3522b1 are established agents of community- and zoonotically acquired respiratory tract infections, and emerging pathogens among the javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@378e5899 -related bacteria have been implicated in airway infections. The role of both in airway infections in Africa is underexplored. We performed a case -control study on the prevalence of javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@12f1b6f0 and javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@10fbf3c7 -related emerging pathogens in children with febrile respiratory tract infections in West Africa, Ghana. Using a pan- javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@246f6bc3 broad-range real-time PCR, we detected chlamydial DNA in 11 (1.9%) of 572 hospitalized febrile children with respiratory tract symptoms and in 24 (4.3%) of 560 asymptomatic age-matched controls (p 0.03). javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@6160b547 were found to be common among both symptomatic and healthy Ghanaian children, with javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@7e39c9ad being the most prevalent species. javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@31136866 were detected in two children without symptoms but not in the symptomatic group. We identified neither javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@6e7d2cf4 nor javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@ad366f1 but a member of a new chlamydial family that shared 90.2% sequence identity with the 16S rRNA gene of the zoonotic pathogen javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@3a17b2a7 . In addition, we found a new javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@10edaddb -related species that belonged to a novel family sharing 91.3% 16S rRNA sequence identity with javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@177039be Syngnamydia venezia. The prevalence and spectrum of chlamydial species differed from previous results obtained from children of other geographic regions and our study indicates that both, javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@605214f and javax.xml.bind.JAXBElement@18029a2 -related bacteria, are not clearly linked to clinical symptoms in Ghanaian children.