Wastewater analysis offers objective and complementary information to illicit drug agencies
by monitoring patterns of illicit drug consumption. In this study, wastewater samples from
three different wastewater treatment plants in Sydney, Australia were collected in March
2016. Ten targeted drugs were analysed and temporal and geographical analyses were performed
to obtain a better understanding of the type and amount of illicit drugs consumed
in Sydney in comparison with similar studies conducted around Australia and in Europe.
Among the targeted drugs, methamphetamine was consumed the most, followed by
cocaine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Weekly patterns were observed
where a peak during the weekend was present. The geographical analysis showed differences
between the regions targeted. This observation may be related to socio-demographic
aspects. The comparison of our study to other data sources from Australia showed a high
consumption of methamphetamine in Sydney and Western Australia. The comparison
between Sydney and different European cities revealed a difference in consumption, which
is in line with traditional market indicators. The information obtained through wastewater
analysis provides complementary information regarding illicit drug consumption, the size,
and the evolution of the illicit drug market. This, ultimately, will assist authorities in making
informed decisions.