Early Lance-Adams syndrome after cardiac arrest: Prevalence, time to return to awareness, and outcome in a large cohort.

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Version: Author's accepted manuscript
Serval ID
serval:BIB_150C811E3377
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Early Lance-Adams syndrome after cardiac arrest: Prevalence, time to return to awareness, and outcome in a large cohort.
Journal
Resuscitation
Author(s)
Aicua Rapun I., Novy J., Solari D., Oddo M., Rossetti A.O.
ISSN
1873-1570 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0300-9572
Publication state
Published
Issued date
06/2017
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
115
Pages
169-172
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
Early myoclonus after cardiac arrest (CA) is traditionally viewed as a poor prognostic sign (status myoclonus). However, some patients may present early Lance-Adams syndrome (LAS): under appropriate treatment, they can reach a satisfactory functional outcome. Our aim was to describe their profile, focusing on pharmacologic management in the ICU, time to return of awareness, and long-term prognosis.
Adults with early LAS (defined as generalized myoclonus within 96h, with epileptiform EEG within 48h after CA) were retrospectively identified in our CA registry between 2006 and 2016. Functional outcome was assessed through cerebral performance categories (CPC) at 3 months, CPC 1-2 defined good outcome.
Among 458 consecutive patients, 7 (1.5%) developed early LAS (4 women, median age 59 years). Within 72h after CA, in normothemia and off sedation, all showed preserved brainstem reflexes and localized pain. All patients were initially treated with valproate, levetiracetam and clonazepam; additional agents, including propofol and midazolam, were prescribed in the majority. First signs of awareness occurred after 3-23 days (median 11.8); 3/7 reached a good outcome at 3 months.
Early after CA, myoclonus together with a reactive, epileptiform EEG, preserved evoked potentials and brainstem reflexes suggests LAS. This condition was managed with a combination of highly dosed, large spectrum antiepileptic agents including propofol and midazolam. Even if awakening was at times delayed, good outcome occurred in a substantial proportion of patients.

Keywords
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Anticonvulsants/administration & dosage, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Clonazepam/administration & dosage, Drug Combinations, Electroencephalography, Female, Heart Arrest/complications, Heart Arrest/therapy, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Myoclonus/diagnosis, Myoclonus/drug therapy, Myoclonus/etiology, Piracetam/administration & dosage, Piracetam/analogs & derivatives, Prospective Studies, Registries, Seizures/diagnosis, Seizures/drug therapy, Seizures/etiology, Syndrome, Time Factors, Valproic Acid/administration & dosage, Antiepileptic drug, EEG, Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, Myoclonus, Prognosis
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Yes
Create date
04/04/2017 18:03
Last modification date
20/08/2019 12:44
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