Paediatric bi-ventricular external assist device based on artificial muscles

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_F99382F6959A
Type
Inproceedings: an article in a conference proceedings.
Publication sub-type
Abstract (Abstract): shot summary in a article that contain essentials elements presented during a scientific conference, lecture or from a poster.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Paediatric bi-ventricular external assist device based on artificial muscles
Title of the conference
45th Congress of the European Society for Surgical Research
Author(s)
Michalis A., Tozzi P., Burki M., Berdajs D., Taub S., von Segesser L. K.
Address
Geneva - Switzerland, 9-12 June, 2010
ISBN
0007-1323
Publication state
Published
Issued date
2010
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
97
Series
British Journal of Surgery
Pages
S36-S36
Language
english
Notes
Meeting Abstract
Abstract
Objective:
Existing VADs are single-ventricle pumps needing anticoagulation. We developed a bi ventricular external assist device that reproduces the physiological heart muscle movement completely avoiding anticoagulants.
Methods:
The device has a carbon fibre skeleton fitting a 30-40 kg patient's heart, to which a Nitinol based artificial muscle is connected. The artificial muscle wraps both ventricles. The strength of the Nitinol fibres is amplified by a pivot articulation in contact with the ventricle wall. The fibres are
electrically driven and a dedicated control unit has been developed. We assessed hemodynamic performances of this device using a previously described dedicated bench test. Volume ejected and pressure gradient has been measured with afterload ranging from 25 to 50mmHg.
Results:
With anafterload of 50mmHg the system has an ejection fraction (EF) of 10% on the right side and 8% on the left side. The system is able to generate a systolic ejection of 5,5 ml on the right side and 4,4 ml on the left side. With anafterload of 25mmHg the results are reduced of about 20%. The activation frequency is 80/minute resulting in a total volume displacement of 440 ml/minute on the right side and 352 ml/minute on the left side.
Conclusions:
The artificial muscle follows Starling's law as the ejected volume increases when afterload increases. These preliminary studies confirmed the possibility of improving the EF of a failing heart using artificial muscle for external cardiac compression. This device could be helpful in weaning CPB and/or for short-term cardio-circulatory support in paediatric population with
cardiac failure.
Web of science
Create date
21/10/2010 11:20
Last modification date
20/08/2019 17:25
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