The Roles, Challenges, and Merits of the p Value.

Details

Ressource 1Download: P value_Chén et al. (2023).pdf (2930.06 [Ko])
State: Public
Version: Final published version
License: CC BY 4.0
Serval ID
serval:BIB_D084688E0A6D
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
The Roles, Challenges, and Merits of the p Value.
Journal
Patterns
Author(s)
Chén Oliver Y, Bodelet Julien S, Saraiva Raúl G, Phan Huy, Di Junrui, Nagels Guy, Schwantje Tom, Cao Hengyi, Gou Jiangtao, Reinen Jenna M, Xiong Bin, Zhi Bangdong, Wang Xiaojun, de Vos Maarten
ISSN
2666-3899 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
2666-3899
Publication state
Published
Issued date
08/12/2023
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
4
Number
12
Pages
100878
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Review
Publication Status: epublish
Abstract
Since the 18th century, the p value has been an important part of hypothesis-based scientific investigation. As statistical and data science engines accelerate, questions emerge: to what extent are scientific discoveries based on p values reliable and reproducible? Should one adjust the significance level or find alternatives for the p value? Inspired by these questions and everlasting attempts to address them, here, we provide a systematic examination of the p value from its roles and merits to its misuses and misinterpretations. For the latter, we summarize modest recommendations to handle them. In parallel, we present the Bayesian alternatives for seeking evidence and discuss the pooling of p values from multiple studies and datasets. Overall, we argue that the p value and hypothesis testing form a useful probabilistic decision-making mechanism, facilitating causal inference, feature selection, and predictive modeling, but that the interpretation of the p value must be contextual, considering the scientific question, experimental design, and statistical principles.
Pubmed
Open Access
Yes
Create date
21/12/2023 17:23
Last modification date
19/01/2024 8:12
Usage data