With the decline of conventional cigarette sales, tobacco companies developed and began marketing a new type of product that does not burn tobacco in 2015. These products, called « heated tobacco products » (HTP), are marketed as potentially reduced risk products because their technology limits combustion and the generation of toxic compounds. However, the principal harmful compounds commonly measured in conventional cigarette smoke are also present in HTP emissions. Currently, few independent studies have verified the level of risk of these HTP, which raises important questions for the population and public health actors. This article aims to describes the current situation with regards to HTP.