Women with gestational diabetes have a high risk for dysglycemia and metabolic syndrome. The post-partum screening evaluation allows to establish the "metabolic profile". The components of the SM must be recognized and treated. The life-style modifications are the priority. A follow-up by the general practitioner, assisted by a dietitian when it is indicated must be set up and the objectives regularly evaluated. The difficulty perceiving the long-term benefits and the changes of priority when the child is born represent specific barriers for the preventive interventions and must be identified. Specific preventive strategies to this population at high risk must be created and evaluated.