Positive regulation of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway by fatty acids through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR).

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_6E3F1087AD87
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
Positive regulation of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway by fatty acids through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR).
Journal
Biology of the Cell
Author(s)
Dreyer C., Keller H., Mahfoudi A., Laudet V., Krey G., Wahli W.
ISSN
0248-4900 (Print)
ISSN-L
0248-4900
Publication state
Published
Issued date
1993
Volume
77
Number
1
Pages
67-76
Language
english
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferators regulate the transcription of genes by activating ligand-dependent transcription factors, which, due to their structure and function, can be assigned to the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. Three such peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR alpha, beta, and gamma) have been cloned in Xenopus laevis. Their mRNAs are expressed differentially; xPPAR alpha and beta but not xPPAR gamma are expressed in oocytes and embryos. In the adult, expression of xPPAR alpha and beta appears to be ubiquitous, and xPPAR gamma is mainly observed in adipose tissue and kidney. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that PPARs are nuclear proteins, and that their cytoplasmic-nuclear translocation is independent of exogenous activators. A target gene of PPARs is the gene encoding acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation of fatty acids. A peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE), to which PPARs bind, has been identified within the promoter of the ACO gene. Besides the known xenobiotic activators of PPARs, such as hypolipidemic drugs, natural activators have been identified. Polyunsaturated fatty acids at physiological concentrations are efficient activators of PPARs, and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), which is the alkyne homolog of arachidonic acid, is the most potent activator of xPPAR alpha described to date. Taken together, our data suggest that PPARs have an important role in lipid metabolism.
Keywords
Acyl-CoA Oxidase, Animals, Base Sequence, Fatty Acids/physiology, Microbodies/drug effects, Microbodies/metabolism, Molecular Sequence Data, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxidoreductases/genetics, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry, Receptors, Cell Surface/drug effects, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic, Xenopus laevis
Pubmed
Web of science
Create date
24/01/2008 16:05
Last modification date
20/08/2019 14:27
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