Partial protection and intrathecal invasion of CD8(+) T cells in acute canine distemper virus infection.

Détails

ID Serval
serval:BIB_FC14CC028EF9
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
Partial protection and intrathecal invasion of CD8(+) T cells in acute canine distemper virus infection.
Périodique
Veterinary Microbiology
Auteur⸱e⸱s
Tipold A., Vandevelde M., Wittek R., Moore P., Summerfield A., Zurbriggen A.
ISSN
0378-1135[print], 0378-1135[linking]
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
11/2001
Volume
83
Numéro
3
Pages
189-203
Langue
anglais
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: ppublish
Résumé
Initial non-inflammatory demyelination in canine distemper virus infection (CDV) develops against a background of severe immunosuppression and is therefore, thought to be virus-induced. However, recently we found a marked invasion of T cells throughout the central nervous system (CNS) in dogs with acute distemper despite drastic damage to the immune system. In the present study, this apparent paradox was further investigated by immunophenotyping of lymphocytes, following experimental CDV challenge in vaccinated and non-vaccinated dogs. In contrast to CDV infected, unprotected dogs, vaccinated dogs did not become immunosuppressed and exhibited a strong antiviral immune response following challenge with virulent CDV. In unprotected dogs rapid and drastic lymphopenia was initially due to depletion of T cells. In peripheral blood, CD4(+) T cells were more sensitive and depleted earlier and for a longer time than CD8(+) cells which recovered soon. In the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) we could observe an increase in the T cell to B cell and CD8(+) to CD4(+) ratios. Thus, partial protection of the CD8(+) cell population could explain why part of the immune function in acute distemper is preserved. As found earlier, T cells invaded the CNS parenchyma in these dogs but also in the protected challenged dogs, which did not develop any CNS disease at all. Since markers of T cell activation were upregulated in both groups of animals, this phenomenon could in part be related to non-specific penetration of activated T cells through the blood brain barrier. However, in diseased animals much larger numbers of T cells were found in the CNS than in the protected dogs, suggesting that massive invasion of T cells in the brain requires CDV expression in the CNS.
Mots-clé
Acute Disease, Animals, Antibodies, Viral/blood, Brain/immunology, Brain/pathology, CD4-CD8 Ratio, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology, Central Nervous System/immunology, Distemper/immunology, Distemper Virus, Canine/immunology, Dogs, Female, Flow Cytometry/veterinary, Immunohistochemistry/veterinary, Immunophenotyping/veterinary, Lymphocytes/classification, Lymphocytes/immunology, Male, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Vaccination/veterinary
Pubmed
Web of science
Création de la notice
24/01/2008 10:43
Dernière modification de la notice
20/08/2019 16:27
Données d'usage