Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults.
Détails
Etat: Public
Version: Author's accepted manuscript
ID Serval
serval:BIB_E0757747D91E
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults.
Périodique
Lancet
Collaborateur⸱rice⸱s
NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
Contributeur⸱rice⸱s
Abarca-Gómez L., Abdeen Z.A., Hamid Z.A., Abu-Rmeileh N.M., Acosta-Cazares B., Acuin C., Adams R.J., Aekplakorn W., Afsana K., Aguilar-Salinas C.A., Agyemang C., Ahmadvand A., Ahrens W., Ajlouni K., Akhtaeva N., Al-Hazzaa H.M., Al-Othman A.R., Al-Raddadi R., Al Buhairan F., Al Dhukair S., Ali M.M., Ali O., Alkerwi A., Alvarez-Pedrerol M., Aly E., Amarapurkar D.N., Amouyel P., Amuzu A., Andersen L.B., Anderssen S.A., Andrade D.S., Ängquist L.H., Anjana R.M., Aounallah-Skhiri H., Araújo J., Ariansen I., Aris T., Arlappa N., Arveiler D., Aryal K.K., Aspelund T., Assah F.K., Assunção MCF, Aung M.S., Avdicová M., Azevedo A., Azizi F., Babu B.V., Bahijri S., Baker J.L., Balakrishna N., Bamoshmoosh M., Banach M., Bandosz P., Banegas J.R., Barbagallo C.M., Barceló A., Barkat A., Barros A.J., Barros M.V., Bata I., Batieha A.M., Batista R.L., Batyrbek A., Baur L.A., Beaglehole R., Romdhane H.B., Benedics J., Benet M., Bennett J.E., Bernabe-Ortiz A., Bernotiene G., Bettiol H., Bhagyalaxmi A., Bharadwaj S., Bhargava S.K., Bhatti Z., Bhutta Z.A., Bi H., Bi Y., Biehl A., Bikbov M., Bista B., Bjelica D.J., Bjerregaard P., Bjertness E., Bjertness M.B., Björkelund C., Blokstra A., Bo S., Bobak M., Boddy L.M., Boehm B.O., Boeing H., Boggia J.G., Boissonnet C.P., Bonaccio M., Bongard V., Bovet P., Braeckevelt L., Braeckman L., Bragt M.C., Brajkovich I., Branca F., Breckenkamp J., Breda J., Brenner H., Brewster L.M., Brian G.R., Brinduse L., Bruno G., Bueno-de-Mesquita HBA, Bugge A., Buoncristiano M., Burazeri G., Burns C., de León A.C., Cacciottolo J., Cai H., Cama T., Cameron C., Camolas J., Can G., Cândido APC, Capanzana M., Capuano V., Cardoso V.C., Carlsson A.C., Carvalho M.J., Casanueva F.F., Casas J.P., Caserta C.A., Chamukuttan S., Chan A.W., Chan Q., Chaturvedi H.K., Chaturvedi N., Chen C.J., Chen F., Chen H., Chen S., Chen Z., Cheng C.Y., Chetrit A., Chikova-Iscener E., Chiolero A., Chiou S.T., Chirita-Emandi A., Chirlaque M.D., Cho B., Cho Y., Christensen K., Christofaro D.G., Chudek J., Cifkova R., Cinteza E., Claessens F., Clays E., Concin H., Confortin S.C., Cooper C., Cooper R., Coppinger T.C., Costanzo S., Cottel D., Cowell C., Craig C.L., Crujeiras A.B., Cucu A., D'Arrigo G., d'Orsi E., Dallongeville J., Damasceno A., Damsgaard C.T., Danaei G., Dankner R., Dantoft T.M., Dastgiri S., Dauchet L., Davletov K., De Backer G., De Bacquer D., De Curtis A., de Gaetano G., De Henauw S., de Oliveira P.D., De Ridder K., De Smedt D., Deepa M., Deev A.D., Dehghan A., Delisle H., Delpeuch F., Deschamps V., Dhana K., Di Castelnuovo A.F., Dias-da-Costa J.S., Diaz A., Dika Z., Djalalinia S., Do H.T., Dobson A.J., Donati M.B., Donfrancesco C., Donoso S.P., Döring A., Dorobantu M., Dorosty A.R., Doua K., Drygas W., Duan J.L., Duante C., Duleva V., Dulskiene V., Dzerve V., Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E., Egbagbe E.E., Eggertsen R., Eiben G., Ekelund U., El Ati J., Elliott P., Engle-Stone R., Erasmus R.T., Erem C., Eriksen L., Eriksson J.G., la Peña J.E., Evans A., Faeh D., Fall C.H., Sant'Angelo V.F., Farzadfar F., Felix-Redondo F.J., Ferguson T.S., Fernandes R.A., Fernández-Bergés D., Ferrante D., Ferrari M., Ferreccio C., Ferrieres J., Finn J.D., Fischer K., Flores E.M., Föger B., Foo L.H., Forslund A.S., Forsner M., Fouad H.M., Francis D.K., Franco MDC, Franco O.H., Frontera G., Fuchs F.D., Fuchs S.C., Fujita Y., Furusawa T., Gaciong Z., Gafencu M., Galeone D., Galvano F., Garcia-de-la-Hera M., Gareta D., Garnett S.P., Gaspoz J.M., Gasull M., Gates L., Geiger H., Geleijnse J.M., Ghasemian A., Giampaoli S., Gianfagna F., Gill T.K., Giovannelli J., Giwercman A., Godos J., Gogen S., Goldsmith R.A., Goltzman D., Gonçalves H., González-Leon M., González-Rivas J.P., Gonzalez-Gross M., Gottrand F., Graça A.P., Graff-Iversen S., Grafnetter D., Grajda A., Grammatikopoulou M.G., Gregor R.D., Grodzicki T., Grøntved A., Grosso G., Gruden G., Grujic V., Gu D., Gualdi-Russo E., Guallar-Castillón P., Guan O.P., Gudmundsson E.F., Gudnason V., Guerrero R., Guessous I., Guimaraes A.L., Gulliford M.C., Gunnlaugsdottir J., Gunter M., Guo X., Guo Y., Gupta P.C., Gupta R., Gureje O., Gurzkowska B., Gutierrez L., Gutzwiller F., Hadaegh F., Hadjigeorgiou C.A., Si-Ramlee K., Halkjær J., Hambleton I.R., Hardy R., Kumar R.H., Hassapidou M., Hata J., Hayes A.J., He J., Heidinger-Felso R., Heinen M., Hendriks M.E., Henriques A., Cadena L.H., Herrala S., Herrera V.M., Herter-Aeberli I., Heshmat R., Hihtaniemi I.T., Ho S.Y., Ho S.C., Hobbs M., Hofman A., Hopman W.M., Horimoto A.R., Hormiga C.M., Horta B.L., Houti L., Howitt C., Htay T.T., Htet A.S., Htike MMT, Hu Y., Huerta J.M., Petrescu C.H., Huisman M., Husseini A., Huu C.N., Huybrechts I., Hwalla N., Hyska J., Iacoviello L., Iannone A.G., Ibarluzea J.M., Ibrahim M.M., Ikeda N., Ikram M.A., Irazola V.E., Islam M., Ismail A.A., Ivkovic V., Iwasaki M., Jackson R.T., Jacobs J.M., Jaddou H., Jafar T., Jamil K.M., Jamrozik K., Janszky I., Jarani J., Jasienska G., Jelakovic A., Jelakovic B., Jennings G., Jeong S.L., Jiang C.Q., Jiménez-Acosta S.M., Joffres M., Johansson M., Jonas J.B., Jørgensen T., Joshi P., Jovic D.P., Józwiak J., Juolevi A., Jurak G., Jureša V., Kaaks R., Kafatos A., Kajantie E.O., Kalter-Leibovici O., Kamaruddin N.A., Kapantais E., Karki K.B., Kasaeian A., Katz J., Kauhanen J., Kaur P., Kavousi M., Kazakbaeva G., Keil U., Boker L.K., Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S., Kelishadi R., Kelleher C., Kemper H.C., Kengne A.P., Kerimkulova A., Kersting M., Key T., Khader Y.S., Khalili D., Khang Y.H., Khateeb M., Khaw K.T., Khouw I.M., Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U., Kiechl S., Killewo J., Kim J., Kim Y.Y., Klimont J., Klumbiene J., Knoflach M., Koirala B., Kolle E., Kolsteren P., Korrovits P., Kos J., Koskinen S., Kouda K., Kovacs V.A., Kowlessur S., Koziel S., Kratzer W., Kriemler S., Kristensen P.L., Krokstad S., Kromhout D., Kruger H.S., Kubinova R., Kuciene R., Kuh D., Kujala U.M., Kulaga Z., Kumar R.K., Kunešová M., Kurjata P., Kusuma Y.S., Kuulasmaa K., Kyobutungi C., La Q.N., Laamiri F.Z., Laatikainen T., Lachat C., Laid Y., Lam T.H., Landrove O., Lanska V., Lappas G., Larijani B., Laugsand L.E., Lauria L., Laxmaiah A., Bao KLN, Le T.D., Lebanan MAO, Leclercq C., Lee J., Lee J., Lehtimäki T., León-Muñoz L.M., Levitt N.S., Li Y., Lilly C.L., Lim W.Y., Lima-Costa M.F., Lin H.H., Lin X., Lind L., Linneberg A., Lissner L., Litwin M., Liu J., Loit H.M., Lopes L., Lorbeer R., Lotufo P.A., Lozano J.E., Luksiene D., Lundqvist A., Lunet N., Lytsy P., Ma G., Ma J., Machado-Coelho G.L., Machado-Rodrigues A.M., Machi S., Maggi S., Magliano D.J., Magriplis E., Mahaletchumy A., Maire B., Majer M., Makdisse M., Malekzadeh R., Malhotra R., Rao K.M., Malyutina S., Manios Y., Mann J.I., Manzato E., Margozzini P., Markaki A., Markey O., Marques L.P., Marques-Vidal P., Marrugat J., Martin-Prevel Y., Martin R., Martorell R., Martos E., Marventano S., Masoodi S.R., Mathiesen E.B., Matijasevich A., Matsha T.E., Mazur A., Mbanya JCN, McFarlane S.R., McGarvey S.T., McKee M., McLachlan S., McLean R.M., McLean S.B., McNulty B.A., Yusof S.M., Mediene-Benchekor S., Medzioniene J., Meirhaeghe A., Meisfjord J., Meisinger C., Menezes AMB, Menon G.R., Mensink G.B., Meshram I.I., Metspalu A., Meyer H.E., Mi J., Michaelsen K.F., Michels N., Mikkel K., Miller J.C., Minderico C.S., Miquel J.F., Miranda J.J., Mirkopoulou D., Mirrakhimov E., Mišigoj-Durakovic M., Mistretta A., Mocanu V., Modesti P.A., Mohamed M.K., Mohammad K., Mohammadifard N., Mohan V., Mohanna S., Yusoff MFM, Molbo D., Møllehave L.T., Møller N.C., Molnár D., Momenan A., Mondo C.K., Monterrubio E.A., Monyeki KDK, Moon J.S., Moreira L.B., Morejon A., Moreno L.A., Morgan K., Mortensen E.L., Moschonis G., Mossakowska M., Mostafa A., Mota J., Mota-Pinto A., Motlagh M.E., Motta J., Mu T.T., Muc M., Muiesan M.L., Müller-Nurasyid M., Murphy N., Mursu J., Murtagh E.M., Musil V., Nabipour I., Nagel G., Naidu B.M., Nakamura H., Námešná J., Nang EEK, Nangia V.B., Nankap M., Narake S., Nardone P., Navarrete-Muñoz E.M., Neal W.A., Nenko I., Neovius M., Nervi F., Nguyen C.T., Nguyen N.D., Nguyen Q.N., Nieto-Martínez R.E., Ning G., Ninomiya T., Nishtar S., Noale M., Noboa O.A., Norat T., Norie S., Noto D., Nsour M.A., O'Reilly D., Obreja G., Oda E., Oehlers G., Oh K., Ohara K., Olafsson Ö., Olinto MTA, Oliveira I.O., Oltarzewski M., Omar M.A., Onat A., Ong S.K., Ono L.M., Ordunez P., Ornelas R., Ortiz A.P., Osler M., Osmond C., Ostojic S.M., Ostovar A., Otero J.A., Overvad K., Owusu-Dabo E., Paccaud F.M., Padez C., Pahomova E., Pajak A., Palli D., Palloni A., Palmieri L., Pan W.H., Panda-Jonas S., Pandey A., Panza F., Papandreou D., Park S.W., Parnell W.R., Parsaeian M., Pascanu I.M., Patel N.D., Pecin I., Pednekar M.S., Peer N., Peeters P.H., Peixoto S.V., Peltonen M., Pereira A.C., Perez-Farinos N., Pérez C.M., Peters A., Petkeviciene J., Petrauskiene A., Peykari N., Pham S.T., Pierannunzio D., Pigeot I., Pikhart H., Pilav A., Pilotto L., Pistelli F., Pitakaka F., Piwonska A., Plans-Rubió P., Poh B.K., Pohlabeln H., Pop R.M., Popovic S.R., Porta M., Portegies M.L., Posch G., Poulimeneas D., Pouraram H., Pourshams A., Poustchi H., Pradeepa R., Prashant M., Price J.F., Puder J.J., Pudule I., Puiu M., Punab M., Qasrawi R.F., Qorbani M., Bao T.Q., Radic I., Radisauskas R., Rahman M., Rahman M., Raitakari O., Raj M., Rao S.R., Ramachandran A., Ramke J., Ramos E., Ramos R., Rampal L., Rampal S., Rascon-Pacheco R.A., Redon J., Reganit PFM, Ribas-Barba L., Ribeiro R., Riboli E., Rigo F., de Wit TFR, Rito A., Ritti-Dias R.M., Rivera J.A., Robinson S.M., Robitaille C., Rodrigues D., Rodríguez-Artalejo F., Del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez M., Rodríguez-Villamizar L.A., Rojas-Martinez R., Rojroongwasinkul N., Romaguera D., Ronkainen K., Rosengren A., Rouse I., Roy J.G., Rubinstein A., Rühli F.J., Ruiz-Betancourt B.S., Russo P., Rutkowski M., Sabanayagam C., Sachdev H.S., Saidi O., Salanave B., Martinez E.S., Salmerón D., Salomaa V., Salonen J.T., Salvetti M., Sánchez-Abanto J., Sandjaja I., Sans S., Marina L.S., Santos D.A., Santos I.S., Santos O., Dos Santos R.N., Santos R., Saramies J.L., Sardinha L.B., Sarrafzadegan N., Saum K.U., Savva S., Savy M., Scazufca M., Rosario A.S., Schargrodsky H., Schienkiewitz A., Schipf S., Schmidt C.O., Schmidt I.M., Schultsz C., Schutte A.E., Sein A.A., Sen A., Senbanjo I.O., Sepanlou S.G., Serra-Majem L., Shalnova S.A., Sharma S.K., Shaw J.E., Shibuya K., Shin D.W., Shin Y., Shiri R., Siani A., Siantar R., Sibai A.M., Silva A.M., Silva DAS, Simon M., Simons J., Simons L.A., Sjöberg A., Sjöström M., Skovbjerg S., Slowikowska-Hilczer J., Slusarczyk P., Smeeth L., Smith M.C., Snijder M.B., So H.K., Sobngwi E., Söderberg S., Soekatri M.Y., Solfrizzi V., Sonestedt E., Song Y., Sørensen T.I., Soric M., Jérome C.S., Soumare A., Spinelli A., Spiroski I., Staessen J.A., Stamm H., Starc G., Stathopoulou M.G., Staub K., Stavreski B., Steene-Johannessen J., Stehle P., Stein A.D., Stergiou G.S., Stessman J., Stieber J., Stöckl D., Stocks T., Stokwiszewski J., Stratton G., Stronks K., Strufaldi M.W., Suárez-Medina R., Sun C.A., Sundström J., Sung Y.T., Sunyer J., Suriyawongpaisal P., Swinburn B.A., Sy R.G., Szponar L., Tai E.S., Tammesoo M.L., Tamosiunas A., Tan E.J., Tang X., Tanser F., Tao Y., Tarawneh M.R., Tarp J., Tarqui-Mamani C.B., Tautu O.F., Braunerová R.T., Taylor A., Tchibindat F., Theobald H., Theodoridis X., Thijs L., Thuesen B.H., Tjonneland A., Tolonen H.K., Tolstrup J.S., Topbas M., Topór-Madry R., Tormo M.J., Tornaritis M.J., Torrent M., Toselli S., Traissac P., Trichopoulos D., Trichopoulou A., Trinh O.T., Trivedi A., Tshepo L., Tsigga M., Tsugane S., Tulloch-Reid M.K., Tullu F., Tuomainen T.P., Tuomilehto J., Turley M.L., Tynelius P., Tzotzas T., Tzourio C., Ueda P., Ugel E.E., Ukoli F.A., Ulmer H., Unal B., Uusitalo H.M., Valdivia G., Vale S., Valvi D., van der Schouw Y.T., Van Herck K., Van Minh H., van Rossem L., Van Schoor N.M., van Valkengoed I.G., Vanderschueren D., Vanuzzo D., Vatten L., Vega T., Veidebaum T., Velasquez-Melendez G., Velika B., Veronesi G., Verschuren W.M., Victora C.G., Viegi G., Viet L., Viikari-Juntura E., Vineis P., Vioque J., Virtanen J.K., Visvikis-Siest S., Viswanathan B., Vlasoff T., Vollenweider P., Völzke H., Voutilainen S., Vrijheid M., Wade A.N., Wagner A., Waldhör T., Walton J., Bebakar WMW, Mohamud WNW, Wanderley R.S., Wang M.D., Wang Q., Wang Y.X., Wang Y.W., Wannamethee S.G., Wareham N., Weber A., Wedderkopp N., Weerasekera D., Whincup P.H., Widhalm K., Widyahening I.S., Wiecek A., Wijga A.H., Wilks R.J., Willeit J., Willeit P., Wilsgaard T., Wojtyniak B., Wong-McClure R.A., Wong J.Y., Wong J.E., Wong T.Y., Woo J., Woodward M., Wu F.C., Wu J., Wu S., Xu H., Xu L., Yamborisut U., Yan W., Yang X., Yardim N., Ye X., Yiallouros P.K., Yngve A., Yoshihara A., You Q.S., Younger-Coleman N.O., Yusoff F., Yusoff MFM, Zaccagni L., Zafiropulos V., Zainuddin A.A., Zambon S., Zampelas A., Zamrazilová H., Zdrojewski T., Zeng Y., Zhao D., Zhao W., Zheng W., Zheng Y., Zholdin B., Zhou M., Zhu D., Zhussupov B., Zimmermann E., Cisneros J.Z., Bentham J., Di Cesare M., Bilano V., Bixby H., Zhou B., Stevens G.A., Riley L.M., Taddei C., Hajifathalian K., Lu Y., Savin S., Cowan M.J., Paciorek C.J., Chirita-Emandi A., Hayes A.J., Katz J., Kelishadi R., Kengne A.P., Khang Y.H., Laxmaiah A., Li Y., Ma J., Miranda J.J., Mostafa A., Neovius M., Padez C., Rampal L., Zhu A., Bennett J.E., Danaei G., Bhutta Z.A., Ezzati M.
ISSN
1474-547X (Electronic)
ISSN-L
0140-6736
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
16/12/2017
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
390
Numéro
10113
Pages
2627-2642
Langue
anglais
Notes
P. Bovet among collaborators
Résumé
Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults.
We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height and weight on 128·9 million participants aged 5 years and older, including 31·5 million aged 5-19 years. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2016 in 200 countries for mean BMI and for prevalence of BMI in the following categories for children and adolescents aged 5-19 years: more than 2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference for children and adolescents (referred to as moderate and severe underweight hereafter), 2 SD to more than 1 SD below the median (mild underweight), 1 SD below the median to 1 SD above the median (healthy weight), more than 1 SD to 2 SD above the median (overweight but not obese), and more than 2 SD above the median (obesity).
Regional change in age-standardised mean BMI in girls from 1975 to 2016 ranged from virtually no change (-0·01 kg/m2 per decade; 95% credible interval -0·42 to 0·39, posterior probability [PP] of the observed decrease being a true decrease=0·5098) in eastern Europe to an increase of 1·00 kg/m2 per decade (0·69-1·35, PP>0·9999) in central Latin America and an increase of 0·95 kg/m2 per decade (0·64-1·25, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. The range for boys was from a non-significant increase of 0·09 kg/m2 per decade (-0·33 to 0·49, PP=0·6926) in eastern Europe to an increase of 0·77 kg/m2 per decade (0·50-1·06, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Trends in mean BMI have recently flattened in northwestern Europe and the high-income English-speaking and Asia-Pacific regions for both sexes, southwestern Europe for boys, and central and Andean Latin America for girls. By contrast, the rise in BMI has accelerated in east and south Asia for both sexes, and southeast Asia for boys. Global age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 0·7% (0·4-1·2) in 1975 to 5·6% (4·8-6·5) in 2016 in girls, and from 0·9% (0·5-1·3) in 1975 to 7·8% (6·7-9·1) in 2016 in boys; the prevalence of moderate and severe underweight decreased from 9·2% (6·0-12·9) in 1975 to 8·4% (6·8-10·1) in 2016 in girls and from 14·8% (10·4-19·5) in 1975 to 12·4% (10·3-14·5) in 2016 in boys. Prevalence of moderate and severe underweight was highest in India, at 22·7% (16·7-29·6) among girls and 30·7% (23·5-38·0) among boys. Prevalence of obesity was more than 30% in girls in Nauru, the Cook Islands, and Palau; and boys in the Cook Islands, Nauru, Palau, Niue, and American Samoa in 2016. Prevalence of obesity was about 20% or more in several countries in Polynesia and Micronesia, the Middle East and north Africa, the Caribbean, and the USA. In 2016, 75 (44-117) million girls and 117 (70-178) million boys worldwide were moderately or severely underweight. In the same year, 50 (24-89) million girls and 74 (39-125) million boys worldwide were obese.
The rising trends in children's and adolescents' BMI have plateaued in many high-income countries, albeit at high levels, but have accelerated in parts of Asia, with trends no longer correlated with those of adults.
Wellcome Trust, AstraZeneca Young Health Programme.
We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height and weight on 128·9 million participants aged 5 years and older, including 31·5 million aged 5-19 years. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2016 in 200 countries for mean BMI and for prevalence of BMI in the following categories for children and adolescents aged 5-19 years: more than 2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference for children and adolescents (referred to as moderate and severe underweight hereafter), 2 SD to more than 1 SD below the median (mild underweight), 1 SD below the median to 1 SD above the median (healthy weight), more than 1 SD to 2 SD above the median (overweight but not obese), and more than 2 SD above the median (obesity).
Regional change in age-standardised mean BMI in girls from 1975 to 2016 ranged from virtually no change (-0·01 kg/m2 per decade; 95% credible interval -0·42 to 0·39, posterior probability [PP] of the observed decrease being a true decrease=0·5098) in eastern Europe to an increase of 1·00 kg/m2 per decade (0·69-1·35, PP>0·9999) in central Latin America and an increase of 0·95 kg/m2 per decade (0·64-1·25, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. The range for boys was from a non-significant increase of 0·09 kg/m2 per decade (-0·33 to 0·49, PP=0·6926) in eastern Europe to an increase of 0·77 kg/m2 per decade (0·50-1·06, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Trends in mean BMI have recently flattened in northwestern Europe and the high-income English-speaking and Asia-Pacific regions for both sexes, southwestern Europe for boys, and central and Andean Latin America for girls. By contrast, the rise in BMI has accelerated in east and south Asia for both sexes, and southeast Asia for boys. Global age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 0·7% (0·4-1·2) in 1975 to 5·6% (4·8-6·5) in 2016 in girls, and from 0·9% (0·5-1·3) in 1975 to 7·8% (6·7-9·1) in 2016 in boys; the prevalence of moderate and severe underweight decreased from 9·2% (6·0-12·9) in 1975 to 8·4% (6·8-10·1) in 2016 in girls and from 14·8% (10·4-19·5) in 1975 to 12·4% (10·3-14·5) in 2016 in boys. Prevalence of moderate and severe underweight was highest in India, at 22·7% (16·7-29·6) among girls and 30·7% (23·5-38·0) among boys. Prevalence of obesity was more than 30% in girls in Nauru, the Cook Islands, and Palau; and boys in the Cook Islands, Nauru, Palau, Niue, and American Samoa in 2016. Prevalence of obesity was about 20% or more in several countries in Polynesia and Micronesia, the Middle East and north Africa, the Caribbean, and the USA. In 2016, 75 (44-117) million girls and 117 (70-178) million boys worldwide were moderately or severely underweight. In the same year, 50 (24-89) million girls and 74 (39-125) million boys worldwide were obese.
The rising trends in children's and adolescents' BMI have plateaued in many high-income countries, albeit at high levels, but have accelerated in parts of Asia, with trends no longer correlated with those of adults.
Wellcome Trust, AstraZeneca Young Health Programme.
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Oui
Création de la notice
12/10/2017 14:39
Dernière modification de la notice
21/07/2020 7:44
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