Prevalence of drugs of abuse in urine of drivers involved in road accidents in France: a collaborative study.

Détails

ID Serval
serval:BIB_DEB4BE2C6BE2
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Collection
Publications
Titre
Prevalence of drugs of abuse in urine of drivers involved in road accidents in France: a collaborative study.
Périodique
Journal of forensic sciences
Auteur⸱e⸱s
Marquet P., Delpla P.A., Kerguelen S., Bremond J., Facy F., Garnier M., Guery B., Lhermitte M., Mathé D., Pelissier A.L., Renaudeau C., Vest P., Seguela J.P.
ISSN
0022-1198 (Print)
ISSN-L
0022-1198
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
07/1998
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
43
Numéro
4
Pages
806-811
Langue
anglais
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: ppublish
Résumé
The collaborative, anonymous, case-control study was intended to determine the prevalence of opiates, cocaine metabolites, cannabinoids and amphetamines in the urine of drivers injured in road accidents and to compare these values with those of non-accident subjects ("patients") in France. Recruitment was performed nationwide in the emergency departments of five hospitals and comprised 296 "drivers" aged 18 to 35 and 278 non-traumatic "patients" in the same age range. Females represented 28.4% of "drivers" and 44.2% of "patients." Screening for drugs in urine was performed by fluorescence polarization immunoassays in each center. Each positive result was verified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), in a single laboratory. Statistical analysis comprised single-step logistic regression and simultaneously took account of confounding factors and the final differences in prevalence values between the two populations or different subgroups. Cannabinoids were found in 13.9% of drivers (16.0% of males and 8.3% of females, p < 0.05) and 7.5% of patients (12.3% of males, 1.6% of females, p < 0.0001); only in females was this prevalence higher in injured drivers than in patients (p < 0.05). Opiates were present in 10.5% of drivers' and 10.4% of patients' urine samples (NS), and were more frequent in urine samples positive for cannabinoids, in drivers (p < 0.01) as well as in patients (p < 0.001). The prevalence of cocaine metabolites in drivers and patients was 1.0 and 1.1% and that of amphetamines 1.4 and 2.5%, respectively. No causal relationship between drugs and accidents should be inferred from this retrospective study. Nevertheless, the high prevalence of cannabis and opiate (licit or illicit) use in young people, whether injured drivers or patients, has potential implications for road traffic safety in France. Cocaine and amphetamines did not appear to be a major problem, unlike the experience in other countries.
Mots-clé
Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data, Adolescent, Adult, Amphetamines/urine, Cannabinoids/urine, Case-Control Studies, Cocaine/urine, Female, Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay, Forensic Medicine/methods, France/epidemiology, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Humans, Illicit Drugs/urine, Male, Narcotics/urine, Prevalence, Substance Abuse Detection/methods, Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology, Substance-Related Disorders/urine
Pubmed
Web of science
Création de la notice
29/04/2021 9:59
Dernière modification de la notice
17/07/2023 14:03
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