Comparing multiple POI to DNA mixtures.

Détails

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Etat: Public
Version: Author's accepted manuscript
Licence: Non spécifiée
ID Serval
serval:BIB_CDC3ECE2F058
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Sous-type
Synthèse (review): revue aussi complète que possible des connaissances sur un sujet, rédigée à partir de l'analyse exhaustive des travaux publiés.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
Comparing multiple POI to DNA mixtures.
Périodique
Forensic science international. Genetics
Auteur⸱e⸱s
Hicks T., Kerr Z., Pugh S., Bright JA, Curran J., Taylor D., Buckleton J.
ISSN
1878-0326 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1872-4973
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
05/2021
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
52
Pages
102481
Langue
anglais
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Publication Status: ppublish
Résumé
In casework, laboratories may be asked to compare DNA mixtures to multiple persons of interest (POI). Guidelines on forensic DNA mixture interpretation recommend that analysts consider several pairs of propositions; however, it is unclear if several likelihood ratios (LRs) per person should be reported or not. The propositions communicated to the court should not depend on the value of the LR. As such, we suggest that the propositions should be functionally exhaustive. This implies that all propositions with a non-zero prior probability need to be considered, at least initially. Those that have a significant posterior probability need to be used in the final evaluation. Using standard probability theory we combine various propositions so that collectively they are exhaustive. This involves a prior probability that the sub-proposition is true, given that the primary proposition is true. Imagine a case in which there are two possible donors: i and j. We focus our analysis first on donor i so that the primary proposition is that i is one of the sources of the DNA. In this example, given that i is a donor, we would further consider that j is either a donor or not. In practice, the prior weights for these sub-propositions may be difficult to assign. However, the LR is often linearly related to these priors and its behaviour is predictable. We also believe that these priors are unavoidable and are hidden in alternative methods. We term the likelihood ratio formed from these context-exhaustive propositions LR <sub>i/i¯</sub> . LR <sub>i/i¯</sub> is trialed in a set of two- and three-person mixtures. For two-person mixtures, LR <sub>i/i¯</sub> is often well approximated by LR <sub>ij/ja</sub> , where the subscript ij describes the proposition that i and j are the donors and ja describes the proposition that j and an alternate, unknown individual (a), who is unrelated to both i and j, are the donors. For three-person mixtures, LR <sub>i/i¯</sub> is often well approximated by LR <sub>ijk/jka</sub> where the subscript ijk describes the proposition that i, j, and k are the donors and jka describes the proposition that j, k, and an unknown, unrelated (to i, j, and k) individual (a) are the donors. In our simulations, LR <sub>ij/ja</sub> had fewer inclusionary LRs for non-contributors than the unconditioned LR (LR <sub>ia/aa</sub> ).
Mots-clé
DNA/genetics, DNA Fingerprinting, Forensic Genetics, Humans, Likelihood Functions, Microsatellite Repeats, Exhaustive, Forensic DNA, Likelihood ratio, Multiple POI, Propositions
Pubmed
Web of science
Création de la notice
22/02/2021 7:37
Dernière modification de la notice
21/11/2022 8:31
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