We present a genome assembly from a diploid female Mercurialis annua (the Annual Mercury; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Malpighiales; Euphorbiaceae). The genome sequence is 453.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 8 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X chromosome. The organelle genomes have also been assembled, and the mitochondrial genome is 435.28 kilobases in length, while the plastid genome is 169.65 kilobases in length.