PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of intraocular administration of nitric oxide (NO) donors in the rabbit eye on intraocular pressure (IOP), inflammation, and toxicity.
METHODS: Intravitreal and intracameral injections of two NO donors, SIN-1 and SNAP, and SIN-1C and BSS were performed. Clinical examination, IOP measurements, protein evaluation in aqueous humor, and histologic analysis of the ocular globes were realized. Nitric oxide release was demonstrated by nitrite production in the aqueous humor and in the vitreous using the Griess reaction.
RESULTS: The drastic decrease of IOP, observed after a single NO donor injection, was correlated directly with nitrite production and, thus, to NO release. Injection of inactive metabolite of SIN-1, SIN-1C, which is not able to release NO, did not modulate IOP. When administered in the aqueous humor or in the vitreous, NO did not diffuse from one segment of the eye to another. No inflammation or histologic damage was observed as a result of a single NO donor administration.
CONCLUSIONS: Nitric oxide is implicated directly in the regulation of IOP and its acute, and massive release into the rabbit eye did not induce inflammation or other growth toxic effects on the ocular tissues.