Children are under-represented in terms of the frequency and severity of COVID-19 disease. Although the proportion of children tested positive remains much lower than that of adults suggesting that they are less susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, seroprevalence studies are contradictory in this regard. With respect to the role of children in transmission of the virus, no biological reason for reduced infectivity has been found. However, in the community, children rarely seem to be the vectors of this infection. With regard to adolescents, epidemiological data and their behavior similar to that of young adults suggest that they contribute to the spread of the virus more effectively than younger children.