The therapeutical acquisitions of the year 2004 are: 1. The sequential treatment of the Helicobacter pylori infection reaches an eradication rate of 95%. 2. The use of COX-2 inhibitors reduced significantly the gastrointestinal side effects of anti-inflammatory treatments. Since cardiac averse effects of certain COX-2 inhibitors had been reported, the treatments with COX-2 inhibitors came widely into question. In the case of patients with risk of NSAID induced gastrointestinal toxicity, the alternative is to return to a treatment with non specific NSAID associated to an prophylactic PPI treatment.