Attentional Alterations in Alcohol Dependence Are Underpinned by Specific Executive Control Deficits
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Accès restreint UNIL
Etat: Public
Version: Final published version
Licence: Non spécifiée
Accès restreint UNIL
Etat: Public
Version: Final published version
Licence: Non spécifiée
ID Serval
serval:BIB_702478D96AD1
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
Attentional Alterations in Alcohol Dependence Are Underpinned by Specific Executive Control Deficits
Périodique
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
ISSN
0145-6008
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
2014
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
38
Numéro
7
Pages
2105-2112
Langue
anglais
Résumé
Background: Attentional biases and deficits play a central role in the development and maintenance
of alcohol dependence, but the underlying attentional processes accounting for these deficits have been
very little explored. Importantly, the differential alterations across the 3 attentional networks (alerting,
orienting, and executive control) remain unclear in this pathology.
Methods: Thirty recently detoxified alcohol-dependent individuals and 30 paired controls completed
the Attention Network Test, which allow exploring the attentional alterations specifically related
to the 3 attentional networks.
Results: Alcohol-dependent individuals presented globally delayed reaction times compared to controls.
More centrally, they showed a differential deficit across attention networks, with a preserved performance
for alerting and orienting networks but impaired executive control (p < 0.001). This deficit
was not related to psychopathological comorbidities but was positively correlated with the duration of
alcohol-dependence habits, the number of previous detoxification treatments and the mean alcohol
consumption before detoxification.
Conclusions: These results suggest that attentional alterations in alcohol dependence are centrally
due to a specific alteration of executive control. Intervention programs focusing on executive components
of attention should be promoted, and these results support the frontal lobe hypothesis
of alcohol dependence, but the underlying attentional processes accounting for these deficits have been
very little explored. Importantly, the differential alterations across the 3 attentional networks (alerting,
orienting, and executive control) remain unclear in this pathology.
Methods: Thirty recently detoxified alcohol-dependent individuals and 30 paired controls completed
the Attention Network Test, which allow exploring the attentional alterations specifically related
to the 3 attentional networks.
Results: Alcohol-dependent individuals presented globally delayed reaction times compared to controls.
More centrally, they showed a differential deficit across attention networks, with a preserved performance
for alerting and orienting networks but impaired executive control (p < 0.001). This deficit
was not related to psychopathological comorbidities but was positively correlated with the duration of
alcohol-dependence habits, the number of previous detoxification treatments and the mean alcohol
consumption before detoxification.
Conclusions: These results suggest that attentional alterations in alcohol dependence are centrally
due to a specific alteration of executive control. Intervention programs focusing on executive components
of attention should be promoted, and these results support the frontal lobe hypothesis
Mots-clé
Toxicology, Medicine (miscellaneous), Psychiatry and Mental health, Attention network test, Alcohol use disorder
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Création de la notice
10/01/2020 9:31
Dernière modification de la notice
18/01/2020 16:46