Utilisation du mannitol en neuroanesthésie et neuroréanimation [Use of mannitol in neuroanesthesia and neurointensive care]

Détails

ID Serval
serval:BIB_6BBBF4F0B0FE
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Sous-type
Synthèse (review): revue aussi complète que possible des connaissances sur un sujet, rédigée à partir de l'analyse exhaustive des travaux publiés.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
Utilisation du mannitol en neuroanesthésie et neuroréanimation [Use of mannitol in neuroanesthesia and neurointensive care]
Périodique
Annales Françaises d'Anesthésie et de Réanimation
Auteur⸱e⸱s
Archer D.P., Freymond D., Ravussin P.
ISSN
0750-7658
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
1995
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
14
Numéro
1
Pages
77-82
Langue
français
Résumé
Mannitol, the osmotic diuretic used in neuroanaesthesia and neurointensive care, has, in addition to its osmotic properties, various effects upon haemodynamics, cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume. Three factors are proposed to contribute to mannitol's capacity to lower intracranial pressure and to improve cerebral compliance: cerebral dehydration, and two forms of autoregulation-mediated vasoconstriction. In the case of viscosity autoregulation, it is admitted that changes in blood viscosity after mannitol result in reflex vasoconstriction to maintain cerebral blood flow constant. It has also been proposed that when mannitol administration results in increased cerebral perfusion pressure, vasoconstriction may occur in vascular beds in which autoregulation to perfusion pressure is preserved. On the basis of its effects on cerebral blood flow and free radical scavenging properties, mannitol has recently been investigated as a cerebral protective agent, with the capacity to reduce or prevent damage due to cerebral ischaemia. Finally, mannitol may be injected into a carotid or a vertebral artery to produce blood-brain barrier breakdown, thus improving the brain penetration of chemotherapeutic agents.
Mots-clé
Anesthesia, General/methods, Anesthetics/pharmacology, Anesthetics/therapeutic use, Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects, Hemodynamics/drug effects, Humans, Intensive Care/methods, Intracranial Pressure/drug effects, Mannitol/pharmacology, Mannitol/therapeutic use, Neurosurgery
Pubmed
Web of science
Création de la notice
17/01/2008 16:20
Dernière modification de la notice
20/08/2019 14:25
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