Fever during labor is quite frequent and may be an etiologic and therapeutic challenge for obstetric and anesthesia teams. Although an infectious cause should be suspected first, intrapartum fever can also be non-infectious, most frequently in association with epidural analgesia. In this article, we review what is presently known about the association between epidural analgesia and intrapartum fever. Neonatal consequences of intrapartum fever are also discussed.