Is it possible to redraw mental geography, identities, and knowledge and competencies of young people’s on a European scale? This is the ambition that has been displayed since the 1950s by a series of actors operating both within and outside the educational sphere: these actors included not only European institutions and international organisations, but also transnational professional and activist networks and lobbies. Focusing on the creation of education spaces, as well as on the development of specific pedagogies, this collective volume analyses the impact of the European dimension on education as it has been conceived and realized in the second half of the 20th century and the first two decades of the 21st century. Through its cultural-historical approach, this book offers a new and critical insight into the process of Europeanisation and de-Europeanisation of education; it also shows how this dialectic contributed to shape Europe as a whole.