Neuropeptides in human cerebrospinal fluid and in brains of animal models of depression - effects of treatment

Détails

ID Serval
serval:BIB_3700339B02D1
Type
Actes de conférence (partie): contribution originale à la littérature scientifique, publiée à l'occasion de conférences scientifiques, dans un ouvrage de compte-rendu (proceedings), ou dans l'édition spéciale d'un journal reconnu (conference proceedings).
Sous-type
Abstract (résumé de présentation): article court qui reprend les éléments essentiels présentés à l'occasion d'une conférence scientifique dans un poster ou lors d'une intervention orale.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
Neuropeptides in human cerebrospinal fluid and in brains of animal models of depression - effects of treatment
Auteur⸱e⸱s
Mathé Aleksander A., Nikisch Georg, Agren Hans, Baumann Pierre, El Khoury Aram, Gruber Susanne H.M., Husum Henriette, Jiménez-Vasquez Patricia, Wörtwein Gitta, Andersson Weronica, Aitchison K.J., McGuffin Peter
ISBN
0924-977X
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
2006
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
16
Série
European Neuropsychopharmacology
Pages
308-309
Langue
anglais
Notes
SAPHIRID:61583
Résumé
Background: Both genes and environment play a role in depressive disorders. While a dysregulation of the monoaminergic systems may be sufficient to cause depression, it is probably not a necessary factor. Indeed, accumulated data indicate that other endogenous compounds, such as neuropeptides, as well as hippocampal cell loss/neurogenesis may be important in pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Thus decreased levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY) have been reported in CSF from depressed patients and consistently with this finding lower NPY, both mRNA and protein, has been measured in hippocampus from both genetic and environmental rat models of depression. Moreover, ECT and SSRIs increase NPY in human CSF and in animals in selected brain regions. With regard to treatment, it is not clear whether early intervention could alleviate or prevent the disorder. Consequently, we studied neuropeptides in I. CSF from depressed inpatients before and after citalopram treatment, and II. brains of animal models: (i) genetic - the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rat and their controls, the FRL line, (ii) environmental - early maternal separation that mimics early life trauma in humans, experiences that predict adult life psychopathology.
Method: In human studies, CSF was collected before and after 5 weeks of citalopram treatment. In animals, early life maternal separation was superimposed on the FSL and FRL rats and behavior studied when the animals reached adulthood, and brain neurochemistry and cell proliferation post-mortem. On postnatal days (PND) 2-14, FSL and FRL pups were maternally separated. Escitalopram or vehicle in food were started on PND 44. Porsolt swim test was done on PND 64−65.
Results: In patients, CRH was decreased and NPY increased following successful citalopram treatment. Strong correlations between CRH decrease, NPY increase and clinical outcome were found. In animals, baseline FSL-FRL differences were found in the Porsolt swim test and in brain neuropeptides: NPY, CGRP, neurokinin A, substance P and CRH in selected brain regions. Cell proliferation was also affected. Moreover, maternal separation and escitalopram also differentiated between the strains.
Conclusions: Both genes and environment play a role in depression but the consequences of early life events are more deleterious in genetically vulnerable individuals. Neuropeptide as well as cell proliferation changes appear to constitute biological correlates of depression and may be markers of treatment. Lastly, results from our animal studies raise a question whether early drug intervention should be explored as a potential strategy to alleviate adult life psychopathology.
Création de la notice
10/03/2008 11:37
Dernière modification de la notice
20/08/2019 14:25
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