Research in psychopathology: epistemologic issues.

Détails

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Etat: Public
Version: de l'auteur⸱e
ID Serval
serval:BIB_21F983D4EA30
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Sous-type
Synthèse (review): revue aussi complète que possible des connaissances sur un sujet, rédigée à partir de l'analyse exhaustive des travaux publiés.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
Research in psychopathology: epistemologic issues.
Périodique
Comprehensive Psychiatry
Auteur⸱e⸱s
Parnas J., Bovet P.
ISSN
0010-440X (Print)
ISSN-L
0010-440X
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
1995
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
36
Numéro
3
Pages
167-181
Langue
anglais
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Review
Résumé
Etiologic research in psychiatry relies on an objectivist epistemology positing that human cognition is specified by the "reality" of the outer world, which consists of a totality of mind-independent objects. Truth is considered as some sort of correspondence relation between words and external objects, and mind as a mirror of nature. In our view, this epistemology considerably impedes etiologic research. Objectivist epistemology has been recently confronting a growing critique from diverse scientific fields. Alternative models in neurosciences (neuronal selection), artificial intelligence (connectionism), and developmental psychology (developmental biodynamics) converge in viewing living organisms as self-organizing systems. In this perspective, the organism is not specified by the outer world, but enacts its environment by selecting relevant domains of significance that constitute its world. The distinction between mind and body or organism and environment is a matter of observational perspective. These models from empirical sciences are compatible with fundamental tenets of philosophical phenomenology and hermeneutics. They imply consequences for research in psychopathology: symptoms cannot be viewed as disconnected manifestations of discrete localized brain dysfunctions. Psychopathology should therefore focus on how the person's self-coherence is maintained and on the understanding and empirical investigation of the systemic laws that govern neurodevelopment and the organization of human cognition.
Mots-clé
Humans, Mental Disorders/etiology, Mental Disorders/psychology, Models, Neurological, Neural Networks (Computer), Object Attachment, Personality Development, Self Concept, Social Environment
Pubmed
Web of science
Création de la notice
02/09/2011 20:24
Dernière modification de la notice
15/09/2020 6:08
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