Abnormal coronary vasomotion in hypertension: role of coronary artery disease

Détails

ID Serval
serval:BIB_16275CA0FB86
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
Abnormal coronary vasomotion in hypertension: role of coronary artery disease
Périodique
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Auteur⸱e⸱s
Frielingsdorf  J., Kaufmann  P., Seiler  C., Vassalli  G., Suter  T., Hess  O. M.
ISSN
0735-1097 (Print)
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
10/1996
Volume
28
Numéro
4
Pages
935-41
Notes
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't --- Old month value: Oct
Résumé
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the effect of dynamic exercise on coronary vasomotion in hypertensive patients in the presence and absence of coronary artery disease. BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction with abnormal coronary vasodilation in response to acetylcholine has been reported in patients with arterial hypertension. METHODS: Coronary artery dimensions of a normal and stenotic vessel segment were determined in 64 patients by biplane quantitative coronary arteriography at rest and during supine bicycle exercise. Patients were classified into two groups: 20 patients without evidence of coronary artery disease (10 normotensive, 10 hypertensive [group 1]) and 44 patients with coronary artery disease (26 normotensive, 18 hypertensive [group 2]). Both groups were comparable with regard to clinical characteristics, serum cholesterol levels, body mass index, exercise capacity and hemodynamic data. RESULTS: Mean aortic pressure was significantly higher in hypertensive than normotensive patients. Exercise-induced vasodilation of the normal vessel segment was similar in normotensive and hypertensive patients without coronary artery disease (group 1), namely, +19% versus +20%. However, in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease, exercise-induced vasodilation was significantly less in both normal and stenotic vessel segments than in normotensive subjects (+1% vs. +20% for normal [p < 0.003] and -20% vs. -5% for stenotic vessels [p < 0.025]). Administration of 1.6 mg of sublingual nitroglycerin at the end of exercise led to a normalization of the vasodilator response in normotensive as well as hypertensive patients. However, this response became progressively abnormal in group 2 when coronary artery disease was present. CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of coronary artery disease, the vasomotor response to exercise is normal in both normotensive and hypertensive patients. However, in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease, an abnormal response of the coronary vessels can be observed, with a reduced vasodilator response to exercise in normal arteries but an enhanced vasoconstrictor response in stenotic arteries. This behavior of the epicardial vessels during exercise suggests the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction (i.e., functional defect) that is not evident in the absence of coronary artery disease. Nitroglycerin reverses impaired coronary vasodilation, but this effect is blunted in the presence of coronary artery disease (i.e., structural defect).
Mots-clé
Coronary Angiography Coronary Disease/*physiopathology Coronary Vessels/*physiopathology Endothelium, Vascular/*physiopathology Exercise Test Female Humans Hypertension/*physiopathology Male Middle Aged Vasoconstriction/physiology Vasodilation/physiology Vasomotor System/*physiopathology
Pubmed
Web of science
Open Access
Oui
Création de la notice
28/01/2008 10:32
Dernière modification de la notice
20/08/2019 12:45
Données d'usage