Démence callosale. Troubles du comportement lors de myélinolyse centro- et extra-pontique [Callosal dementia: behavioral disorders related to central and extrapontine myelinolysis].
Détails
ID Serval
serval:BIB_13406
Type
Article: article d'un périodique ou d'un magazine.
Sous-type
Etude de cas (case report): rapporte une observation et la commente brièvement.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
Démence callosale. Troubles du comportement lors de myélinolyse centro- et extra-pontique [Callosal dementia: behavioral disorders related to central and extrapontine myelinolysis].
Périodique
Revue Neurologique
ISSN
0035-3787 (Print)
ISSN-L
0035-3787
Statut éditorial
Publié
Date de publication
1999
Volume
155
Numéro
5
Pages
367-373
Langue
français
Notes
Publication types: Case Reports ; English Abstract ; Journal Article Publication Status: ppublish
Résumé
Nous décrivons les troubles précoces du comportement survenus chez un homme avec un syndrome de Marchiafava-Bignami et une femme avec une myélinolyse centro- et extrapontique. Nous définissons un syndrome clinique que nous appelons démence callosale, caractérisé par : 1) une atteinte frontolimbique avec un comportement répétitif à connotation asociale, et l'altemance d'un manque d'incitation avec des périodes d'agitation ; 2) certains éléments d'un syndrome de Balint, avec errance du regard ; 3) des signes de dysconnexion interhémisphérique et; 4) des signes suggérant une atteinte de la substance blanche adjacente. L'identification précoce d'un tableau de démence callosale peut apporter une aide précieuse au diagnostic de myélinolyse centro- et extrapontique, en motivant la recherche clinique d'une dysconnexion interhérnisphérique et la pratique d'une IRM. La confirmation rapide de la présence d'une telle affection, encore parfois létale, permet de prendre les mesures adéquates d'abstinence alcoolique et de correction d'éventuels déficits électrolytiques et carentiels.
We report the behavioral symptoms presented by a 57-year-old man as the first sign of a Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome and by a 44-year-old woman with centro and extrapontine myelinolysis. These observations define a clinical entity, that we named callosal dementia characterized by: 5) fronto-limbic signs with coarse interjections, repetitive and antisocial behavior, alternation of lack of incitation and agitation; 6) elements of a Balint syndrome (suggestive of a posterior callosal involvement), with a pseudo-hallucinated look and a gaze apraxia; 7) signs of callosal dysconnection and; signs of adjacent white matter involvement, with paucity of vocal and facial expression modulation. Early recognition of these features of callosal dementia may be very helpful for diagnosis of suspected myelinolysis, leading to a more careful research of clinical signs of callosal dysconnection and prompting neuroimaging with MRI. A rapid confirmation of the diagnosis may prevent progression to centro or extrapontine myelinolysis, that may sometimes still be lethal, by adequate supportive measures (slow correction of electrolytes imbalance, correction of deficiencies, total alcohol withdrawal).
We report the behavioral symptoms presented by a 57-year-old man as the first sign of a Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome and by a 44-year-old woman with centro and extrapontine myelinolysis. These observations define a clinical entity, that we named callosal dementia characterized by: 5) fronto-limbic signs with coarse interjections, repetitive and antisocial behavior, alternation of lack of incitation and agitation; 6) elements of a Balint syndrome (suggestive of a posterior callosal involvement), with a pseudo-hallucinated look and a gaze apraxia; 7) signs of callosal dysconnection and; signs of adjacent white matter involvement, with paucity of vocal and facial expression modulation. Early recognition of these features of callosal dementia may be very helpful for diagnosis of suspected myelinolysis, leading to a more careful research of clinical signs of callosal dysconnection and prompting neuroimaging with MRI. A rapid confirmation of the diagnosis may prevent progression to centro or extrapontine myelinolysis, that may sometimes still be lethal, by adequate supportive measures (slow correction of electrolytes imbalance, correction of deficiencies, total alcohol withdrawal).
Mots-clé
Adult, Aggression, Alcohol-Related Disorders/complications, Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins/analysis, Corpus Callosum/pathology, Dementia/diagnosis, Dementia/etiology, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior/diagnosis, Impulsive Behavior/etiology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Myelinolysis, Central Pontine/complications, Myelinolysis, Central Pontine/diagnosis, Neuropsychological Tests, Pons/pathology, Psychometrics, Psychomotor Disorders/diagnosis, Psychomotor Disorders/etiology, Severity of Illness Index, Syndrome
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Création de la notice
19/11/2007 12:05
Dernière modification de la notice
20/08/2019 12:41