Orthopaedics covers a variety of techniques, from surgery to physical medicine or rehabilitation. Since orthopaedics focuses on the musculoskeletal system, which involves different parts of the body, its treatment spectrum reaches all ages. However this has not always been the case, and orthopaedics remains highly diversified from country to country. Although it is mainly developed into a highly specialized field of surgery. This article retraces the development of orthopeadics from its be beginnings to the highly diversified field of surgery which is known today.