The thesis analyses the transformations in the social and sexual division of labour in Spain, focusing in the household as the unit of analysis, and highlighting the class dimension of such changes. The point of entry into the problematic are the changes that are taking place in the productive sphere. In particular, the origin of the research lies in the interest for studying the rise in dual-earner couples. Along these lines, it studies the changes in household-based employment patterns, looking both at the developments that occurred during the period of economic expansion and at the impact of the crisis initiated in 2008. In particular, it focuses on dual-earner couples among the working class, as a group that is a main protagonist of recent transformations, and yet is often neglected by research in this field. In order to approach the different levels of the reality studied, the thesis uses a multistrategic research design. The combination of international comparison with a mixed methods research design has allowed us to address the object of study in its macro and micro levels, in its material and symbolic dimensions, and to complement a static approach with a life course perspective. Such a research design combines the analysis of data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) for 26 countries, with the aim of building a typology of countries on the basis of household employment patterns at the European level. Additionally, an in-depth analysis of data for the Spanish case is carried out, in order to highlight the role of class as a factor of differentiation of work-life articulation. Finally, we conduct biographic semi-structured interviews with dual-earner working-class couples. The strategy of articulation of these different components is based on the principles of sequentiality and nesting.