Le jeu du père. Le père-narrateur dans le roman français contemporain
Détails
ID Serval
serval:BIB_05493ACD36B2
Type
Thèse: thèse de doctorat.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Titre
Le jeu du père. Le père-narrateur dans le roman français contemporain
Directeur⸱rice⸱s
Kaempfer Jean
Codirecteur⸱rice⸱s
Coyault Sylviane
Détails de l'institution
Université de Lausanne, Faculté des lettres
Adresse
Faculté des lettres
Université de Lausanne
CH-1015 Lausanne
Université de Lausanne
CH-1015 Lausanne
Statut éditorial
Acceptée
Date de publication
2017
Langue
français
Résumé
Rares sont les occasions pour le père de faire entendre sa voix dans le roman français contemporain. Alors que le récit de filiation a pris une ampleur sans précédent dès les années 1980, offrant aux fils et aux filles la possibilité de questionner leur ascendance, la figure paternelle est de longue date sommée de garder le silence. Le fait n'est pas nouveau : la littérature fut à maintes reprises le témoin d'une paternité tenue à distance de l'intimité familiale, victime de l'image tenace d'un patriarche, autoritaire et injuste, progressivement dépossédée de ses pouvoirs par l'Histoire. À l'approche du XXIe siècle cependant, les sciences humaines manifestent un intérêt soudain pour le sujet ; considérant le silence du père, la sociologie, la psychologie, l'histoire mais aussi la littérature interrogent : quelle place, quel rôle et finalement quelle identité doivent être aujourd'hui accordés au père ? Parmi la rumeur grandissante, le principal intéressé, pressé de questions, peine à se hisser sur le devant de la scène pour prendre la parole. Il convient dès lors de prêter attention à l'exception du père-narrateur et d'enquêter sur les modalités d'une telle émergence dans le roman contemporain. L'analyse appuyée sur un corpus de romans de quatre écrivains - Philippe Forest, Laurent Mauvignier, Gisèle Fournier et Sylvie Gracia -, mêlant écrits fictifs et autobiographiques, a permis de définir les caractéristiques d'un phénomène inédit introduisant une réflexion nouvelle sur la paternité, en ce qu'elle répond de l'incertitude de l'individu, mais aussi de la paternité littéraire et des enjeux de l'écriture contemporaine. L'étude pose pour cela dans un premier temps les contextes historiques et génériques de la paternité en confrontant les points de vue proposés par les sciences humaines et ceux résultant de l'approche littéraire. La structure de la narration paternelle est ensuite observée de manière à comprendre comment advient la parole du père et le fonctionnement spécifique de celle-ci. Enfin la dernière partie s'attarde sur la singularité de la voix paternelle et sur ce qui, résultant du traitement de l'Imaginaire et visant à rendre compte du réel, s'apparente à un jeu littéraire sans fin, entraînant côte à côte, écrivain, personnages et lecteur.
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In the contemporary French novel, the father has few opportunities to be heard. While there have been an increasing number of stories about filiation since the I980's, giving sons and daughters the possibilité of questioning their ancestry, the father figure remains silent. Nothing is new here: literature often shows the father being kept away from the private sphere of family life, the father being a victim of the enduring patriarchal image and of his lost authority. At the turn of the 2lst century, however, the humanities and social sciences suddenly began to take an interest in the topic. Looking at the father's silence, sociology, psychology, history, and also literature ask the question: what place, what rôle, and, in the end, what identity should be given to the father? In the midst of this growing discussion, the key player pressed by questions struggles to make his way into the foreground and take the floor. If eventually he introduces himself as a narrator, this should be noted and the forms of such an emergence in the contemporary novel should be investigated. An analysis based on the novels of four writers - Philippe Forest, Laurent Mauvignier, Gisèle Fournier and Sylvie Gracia - blending fictional and autobiographical works, allows us to define the features of an unprecedented phenomenon leading to new ideas about being a father today in terms of how it reflects the uncertainty of the individual in society, and also about the authorship of the work ("paternity") and its issues in contemporary writing. This study first lays out historical and generic contexts of fatherhood by addressing the points of view offered by the social sciences and those derived from the literary approach. The structure of the paternal narration is then observed in such a way to allow an understanding of what's behind the father's words and how they work. Finally, the last chapter focuses on the singularity of the paternal voice and on that which, as a resuit of an Imaginary process and attempting to take account of reality, lends itself to an endless literary game, carrying away author, characters, and readers.
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In the contemporary French novel, the father has few opportunities to be heard. While there have been an increasing number of stories about filiation since the I980's, giving sons and daughters the possibilité of questioning their ancestry, the father figure remains silent. Nothing is new here: literature often shows the father being kept away from the private sphere of family life, the father being a victim of the enduring patriarchal image and of his lost authority. At the turn of the 2lst century, however, the humanities and social sciences suddenly began to take an interest in the topic. Looking at the father's silence, sociology, psychology, history, and also literature ask the question: what place, what rôle, and, in the end, what identity should be given to the father? In the midst of this growing discussion, the key player pressed by questions struggles to make his way into the foreground and take the floor. If eventually he introduces himself as a narrator, this should be noted and the forms of such an emergence in the contemporary novel should be investigated. An analysis based on the novels of four writers - Philippe Forest, Laurent Mauvignier, Gisèle Fournier and Sylvie Gracia - blending fictional and autobiographical works, allows us to define the features of an unprecedented phenomenon leading to new ideas about being a father today in terms of how it reflects the uncertainty of the individual in society, and also about the authorship of the work ("paternity") and its issues in contemporary writing. This study first lays out historical and generic contexts of fatherhood by addressing the points of view offered by the social sciences and those derived from the literary approach. The structure of the paternal narration is then observed in such a way to allow an understanding of what's behind the father's words and how they work. Finally, the last chapter focuses on the singularity of the paternal voice and on that which, as a resuit of an Imaginary process and attempting to take account of reality, lends itself to an endless literary game, carrying away author, characters, and readers.
Création de la notice
08/12/2017 14:43
Dernière modification de la notice
27/10/2020 10:53