L'évolution de la maturité gymnasiale : une enquête diagnostique à la lumière de la philosophie sociale d'Axel Honneth
Details
Serval ID
serval:BIB_FEA76AEE4FF0
Type
PhD thesis: a PhD thesis.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
L'évolution de la maturité gymnasiale : une enquête diagnostique à la lumière de la philosophie sociale d'Axel Honneth
Director(s)
Voirol Olivier
Institution details
Université de Lausanne, Faculté des sciences sociales et politiques
Publication state
Accepted
Issued date
2024
Language
french
Abstract
En s'inspirant de la méthode de la Théorie critique dont il se réclame, notre travail allie approche philosophique et recherche empirique pour enquêter sur l'évolution actuelle de la maturité gymnasiale. À l'aide de l'analyse du discours officiel produit par les autorités scolaires, de l'interprétation de certaines des principales doctrines pédagogiques de la modernité et de la démarche ethnographique (observations de terrain, entretiens compréhensifs), il met au jour les normes sur lesquelles le gymnase est fondé et que l'institution invoque pour justifier les réformes qu'elle entreprend. Notre recherche s'intéresse ainsi d'une part à la manière dont cette dernière réinterprète, pour se les approprier, les principes fondamentaux de la pédagogie moderne (autonomie, esprit critique, épanouissement personnel, culture générale, responsabilité individuelle), et d'autre part aux moyens qu'elle mobilise pour les matérialiser, que ce soit dans la grille horaire, les plans d'études, les procédés didactiques ou les modalités de contrôle des apprentissages. Suivant la méthode de la << reconstruction normative >> empruntée à la philosophie sociale d'Axel Honneth, notre enquête propose donc à la fois une explication et une évaluation des transformations en cours de l'École de maturité. Elle établit ainsi un diagnostic des <<pathologies>> que génère l'institution en tentant de concrétiser dans l'enseignement les exigences normatives que lui impose la société contemporaine. Elle montre en effet que les tensions qui travaillent le gymnase ne sont pas sans conséquences sur les interactions pédagogiques qui, se déroulant dans des contextes qui mutilent les bonnes pratiques que les réformes prétendent pourtant promouvoir, ne parviennent pas à réaliser pleinement les normes que revendique aujourd'hui le système d'éducation et de formation.
--
Inspired by the Critical Theory method to which it adheres, our work combines a philosophical approach with an empirical research to investigate the current development of the maturité gymnasiale (the Swiss high school diploma). Through the analysis of official discourse produced by school authorities, the interpretation of some of the main pedagogical doctrines of modernity and an ethnographic approach (field observations, in-depth interviews), it brings to light the norms upon which the gymnase is founded and which the institution invokes to justify the reforms it undertakes. Firstly, our research is concerned with the way in which the institution reinterprets, in order to appropriate them, the fundamental principles of modern pedagogy (autonomy, critical thinking, personal development, general knowledge, individual responsibility). Secondly, it focuses on the means that the institution uses to put them into practice, whether through timetables, study plans, teaching methods or learning assessment procedures. Following the method of 'normative reconstruction' borrowed from Axel Honneth's social philosophy, the present study offers both an explanation and an assessment of the ongoing transformations concerning the gymnase. It thus provides a diagnosis of the 'pathologies' generated by the institution as it attempts to implement in education the normative demands placed on it by contemporary society. Indeed, our research shows that the tensions affecting the gymnase are not without consequences for pedagogical interactions, which, occurring in contexts that distort the good practices that the reforms claim to promote, fail to fully realize the norms that today's education and training system professes.
--
Inspired by the Critical Theory method to which it adheres, our work combines a philosophical approach with an empirical research to investigate the current development of the maturité gymnasiale (the Swiss high school diploma). Through the analysis of official discourse produced by school authorities, the interpretation of some of the main pedagogical doctrines of modernity and an ethnographic approach (field observations, in-depth interviews), it brings to light the norms upon which the gymnase is founded and which the institution invokes to justify the reforms it undertakes. Firstly, our research is concerned with the way in which the institution reinterprets, in order to appropriate them, the fundamental principles of modern pedagogy (autonomy, critical thinking, personal development, general knowledge, individual responsibility). Secondly, it focuses on the means that the institution uses to put them into practice, whether through timetables, study plans, teaching methods or learning assessment procedures. Following the method of 'normative reconstruction' borrowed from Axel Honneth's social philosophy, the present study offers both an explanation and an assessment of the ongoing transformations concerning the gymnase. It thus provides a diagnosis of the 'pathologies' generated by the institution as it attempts to implement in education the normative demands placed on it by contemporary society. Indeed, our research shows that the tensions affecting the gymnase are not without consequences for pedagogical interactions, which, occurring in contexts that distort the good practices that the reforms claim to promote, fail to fully realize the norms that today's education and training system professes.
Create date
10/01/2025 11:49
Last modification date
11/01/2025 7:02