AIDS-related opportunistic illnesses occurring after initiation of potent antiretroviral therapy: the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.
Details
Serval ID
serval:BIB_FD3163EB5953
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Institution
Title
AIDS-related opportunistic illnesses occurring after initiation of potent antiretroviral therapy: the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.
Journal
JAMA
ISSN
0098-7484
Publication state
Published
Issued date
1999
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
282
Number
23
Pages
2220-2226
Language
english
Abstract
CONTEXT: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related opportunistic illnesses (Ols) continue to occur after initiation of potent antiretroviral therapy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Risk factors for clinical progression to Ols during potent therapy are not well defined. OBJECTIVE: To examine the incidence of and risk factors for Ols among patients treated with potent antiretroviral therapy in a population-based study. DESIGN: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study, a prospective cohort study of adult HIV-infected persons. SETTING: Seven study centers throughout Switzerland. PATIENTS: A total of 2410 cohort study participants with a potential follow-up of at least 15 months after starting potent therapy between September 1995 and December 1997. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Disease-specific incidence of Ols during the 6 months preceding potent antiretroviral therapy and at 3 intervals after initiating therapy; risk factors for development of Ols during therapy. RESULTS: Of the 2410 participants, 143 developed 186 Ols after initiation of potent antiretroviral therapy. Incidence of any OI decreased from 15.1 per 100 person-years in the 6 months before therapy to 7.7 in the first 3 months after starting treatment, 2.6 in the following 6 months, and 2.2 per 100 person-years between 9 and 15 months. Reductions in incidence ranged from 38% per month for Kaposi sarcoma (P<.001) to 5% per month for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (P = .31). Baseline CD4 cell count continued to predict the risk of disease progression after initiating potent therapy. Compared with CD4 cell counts above 200 x 10(6)/L, the hazard ratio for developing Ols was 2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-4.5) for counts between 51 and 200 x 10(6)/L and 5.8 (95% CI, 3.2-10.5) for counts below 51 x 10(6)/L at baseline. Independent of baseline CD4 cell count, a rise in CD4 cell count by 50 x 10(6)/L or more and undetectable HIV-1 RNA in plasma (<400 copies/mL) by 6 months reduced risk of subsequent events, with hazard ratios of 0.32 (95% CI, 0.20-0.52) and 0.39 (0.24-0.65), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the risk of developing an OI for a person receiving potent antiretroviral therapy is highest during the initial months of therapy. Baseline CD4 cell count and immunologic and virologic response to treatment were strong predictors of disease progression in patients receiving potent therapy. Individuals with CD4 cell counts of 50 x 10(6)/L or below may need close clinical surveillance after initiation of potent therapy.
Keywords
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cohort Studies, Disease Progression, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, HIV Infections/drug therapy, HIV Infections/physiopathology, Humans, Incidence, Male, Poisson Distribution, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Viral Load
Pubmed
Web of science
Create date
25/01/2008 17:07
Last modification date
06/07/2023 8:37