Tuberculosis contact investigation and short-course preventive therapy among young children in Africa.

Details

Serval ID
serval:BIB_DB9731D5393E
Type
Article: article from journal or magazin.
Collection
Publications
Title
Tuberculosis contact investigation and short-course preventive therapy among young children in Africa.
Journal
The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease
Author(s)
Schwoebel V., Koura K.G., Adjobimey M., Gnanou S., Wandji A.G., Gody J.C., Delacourt C., Detjen A., Graham S.M., Masserey E., Mselatti P., Roggi A., Trébucq A.
ISSN
1815-7920 (Electronic)
ISSN-L
1027-3719
Publication state
Published
Issued date
01/04/2020
Peer-reviewed
Oui
Volume
24
Number
4
Pages
452-460
Language
english
Notes
Publication types: Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Publication Status: ppublish
Abstract
SETTING: The largest cities in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon and Central African Republic.OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the feasibility and document the effectiveness of household contact investigation and preventive therapy in resource-limited settings.DESIGN: Children under 5 years living at home with adults with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) were screened using questionnaire, clinical examination, tuberculin skin test and chest X-ray. Children free of active TB were offered preventive treatment with a 3-month rifampicin-isoniazid (3RH) or 6-month isoniazid (6H) regimen in Benin. Children were followed-up monthly during treatment, then quarterly over 1 year. Costs of transportation, phone contacts and chest X-rays were covered.RESULTS: A total of 1965 children were enrolled, of whom 56 (2.8%) had prevalent TB at inclusion. Among the 1909 children free of TB, 1745 (91%) started preventive therapy, 1642 (94%) of whom completed treatment. Mild adverse reactions, mostly gastrointestinal, were reported in 2% of children. One case of incident TB, possibly due to a late TB infection, was reported after completing the 3RH regimen.CONCLUSION: Contact investigation and preventive therapy were successfully implemented in these resource-limited urban settings in programmatic conditions with few additional resources. The 3RH regimen is a valuable alternative to 6H for preventing TB.
Keywords
Adult, Benin/epidemiology, Burkina Faso, Cameroon/epidemiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Contact Tracing, Humans, Isoniazid/therapeutic use, Tuberculosis/diagnosis, Tuberculosis/drug therapy, Tuberculosis/epidemiology
Pubmed
Web of science
Create date
25/04/2020 17:33
Last modification date
19/12/2023 10:37
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