Children's food allergies are a significant public health burden in industrialized countries. Their prevalence is also increasing in developing countries, reflecting the impact of modern globalized food that challenges humanity to adapt to unprecedented allergenic stress. The understanding of the multiple mechanisms involved in the emergence of these allergies has greatly improved over the past two decades. On the therapeutic level, the eviction regime has shown its limitations and risks in growing individuals. Personalized nutrition represents a promising field of investigation in therapeutic innovations.